A Comprehensive Examination of the Effect of Ethanol-Blended Gasoline on Intake Valve Deposits in Spark-Ignited Engines

Vilardo, Jonathan S.; Arters, David C.; Corkwell, Keith C.; Groote, Carlos L. Cerda de

doi:10.4271/2007-01-3995

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…On the other hand, the hydrocarbon composition of injected fuel also plays a vital role in deposit formation. Generally, the higher aromatic hydrocarbons have a superior impact on the deposit formation with polymeric skeleton molecular structure 181,182 . Consequently, the molecular structure of deposits in the combustion chamber depends on fuel characteristics like the heat of combustion and air‐fuel mixture ratio.…”

Section: Materials Compatibility Characteristics Of Flex‐fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the higher aromatic hydrocarbons have a superior impact on the deposit formation with polymeric skeleton molecular structure. 181,182 Consequently, the molecular structure of deposits in the combustion chamber depends on fuel characteristics like the heat of combustion and air-fuel mixture ratio. Especially, during the cold start and warmup conditions, the deposits formations are higher on the engine components.…”

Section: Deposit Formation Characteristics Of Ffementioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Azhaganathan

Ashok

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Ethanol‐powered spark ignition (SI) engines have the potential to mitigate the twin crisis of fossil fuel depletion and exhaust emissions. However, the successful promotion of ethanol is hindered due to the restriction of fuel blend diversity and design features in the conventional SI engine. The fuel flexibility can be overcome by the use of flex‐fuel engine (FFE) technology with appropriate changes in engine design features for a wide range of ethanol blends. The understanding of FFE based on various technical aspects has greater potential in the automotive sector. Therefore, this review paper provides a holistic approach to critically analyze the various technical aspects of FFE. In this work, the application of ethanol blends on FFE output characteristics is reviewed critically considering the effects of engine operating conditions and parameters. Further, the impact of ethanol blends on material compatibility, cold starting characteristics, and unregulated emissions are analyzed. The outcome of the study shows that combustion and performance characteristics such as cylinder pressure(CP), heat release rate (HRR), and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) are improved in FFE operation due to the clean‐burning characteristics of ethanol blends. Also, carbon monoxide(CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions decreased without any significant improvement in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions with a wide range of ethanol shares in FFE. Finally, this study summarizes the present status of research in FFE and creates a route towards the direction of multidisciplinary research need in the future that supports the application of different types of biofuels in FFE.

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Section: Materials Compatibility Characteristics Of Flex‐fuel Enginementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deposit Formation Characteristics Of Ffementioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Azhaganathan

Ashok

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…Usually, different types of deposits are present in an engine simultaneously and formed due to various factors. As a consequence, operational parameters of the engine are disturbed to a large extent by the total effect of the deposits [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Hard deposits on inlet valves and in combustion chambers limit airflow and change the pattern of the airflow turbulence in cylinders, disturbing the processes of blend formation and its combustion in the engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other problems connected with deposits on valves manifest themselves through hindered movement or even the seizure of inlet valve stems in their runners. This leads to a burning of valve seats and their faces with a simultaneous misfiring and thus engine failure [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation into the Impact of the Composition of Ethanol Fuel Deposit Control Additives on Their Effectiveness

et al. 2021

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An increasing percentage of ethanol in fuel leads to significant changes in polarity and solubility, which makes conventional gasoline deposit control additives (DCAs) difficult to dissolve in ethanol fuels, resulting in the formation of deposits on engine elements. Critical areas of deposit formation in an engine are constituted by inlet valves, combustion chambers, and fuel injectors. As a consequence, operational parameters of the engine are disturbed to a large extent by the total effect of the deposits. To prevent the aforementioned phenomena, in the operation of engines fueled with ethanol-containing blends, it is necessary to use specifically prepared DCAs. The paper briefly presents a process of development of DCAs dedicated to high-ethanol fuels. Each of the prepared DCA formulations contained a substance having detergent-emulsifying properties (referred to in the text as DEM), a carrier oil, and a solvent. The composition and ratios of components used in the DCA, by testing their effectiveness in engine deposit formation, are verified. A motor station and a test procedure developed for this purpose were used. In search of alternative solutions to conventional polyisobutyleneamines (PIBA) and polyetheramines (PEA) surfactants, which have good solubility in hydrocarbons but not in ethanol, a substance with a benzoxazine structure and a Mannich base were synthesized. Their chemical structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) DCAs were developed, and the effectiveness of their action was verified. Moreover, attention was paid to the dosage level of the DEM and the carrier oil in the DCA. Finally, it was confirmed in the studies carried out that DCAs used for improvement of conventional hydrocarbon engine gasolines are not efficient enough when used in E85 fuels. In the case of the latter, DCAs that have been specifically developed for such fuels should be used, because they have a different chemical structure, and are soluble in the ethanol-gasoline mixture in any ratio of both components.

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Impact of gasoline engine deposits on light duty vehicle emissions: in-use case study in Beijing, China

Yue

Huang

et al. 2012

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

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A Comprehensive Examination of the Effect of Ethanol-Blended Gasoline on Intake Valve Deposits in Spark-Ignited Engines

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Investigation into the Impact of the Composition of Ethanol Fuel Deposit Control Additives on Their Effectiveness

Impact of gasoline engine deposits on light duty vehicle emissions: in-use case study in Beijing, China

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