A comprehensive comparison of various patient-specific CFD models of the left atrium for atrial fibrillation patients

Dueñas-Pamplona, Jorge; Garcı́a, Javier Garcı́a; Sierra-Pallares, José; Ferrera, C.; Agujetas, Rafael; López-Mínguez, José Ramón

doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104423

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Deep learning was shown in an experimental paced canine model to predict AF progression based on conduction heterogenicity, action potential characteristics, and other rhythm variants possibly associated with other concomitant CVD diseases [293]. Taking into consideration that AF can manifest as secondary to structural defects/variants, also induced by cardiac surgery, Duenas-Pamplona et al developed a computational fluid dynamics simulation of the patient-specific left atrium, in which several predicting indexes were proposed, including thrombosis-mediated stasis evaluation [294].…”

Section: -Modeling Af Through In Silico Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a modeling system allows to identify predicting indexes for AF progression and severity, as thrombosis-mediated stasis. [294] Population-based computational simulations Observations collected from a large cohort of patients with the same transcription factor gene mutation were loaded in a computational model able to reproduce the electrical remodeling and where several drugs, as disopyramide, quinidine, and propafenone, could be assessed to predict their potential efficacy.…”

Section: In Silico Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Inherited and Acquired Rhythm Disturbances in Sick Sinus Syndrome, Brugada Syndrome, and Atrial Fibrillation: Lessons from Preclinical Modeling

Iop

Iliceto

Civieri

et al. 2021

Cells

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Rhythm disturbances are life-threatening cardiovascular diseases, accounting for many deaths annually worldwide. Abnormal electrical activity might arise in a structurally normal heart in response to specific triggers or as a consequence of cardiac tissue alterations, in both cases with catastrophic consequences on heart global functioning. Preclinical modeling by recapitulating human pathophysiology of rhythm disturbances is fundamental to increase the comprehension of these diseases and propose effective strategies for their prevention, diagnosis, and clinical management. In silico, in vivo, and in vitro models found variable application to dissect many congenital and acquired rhythm disturbances. In the copious list of rhythm disturbances, diseases of the conduction system, as sick sinus syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and atrial fibrillation, have found extensive preclinical modeling. In addition, the electrical remodeling as a result of other cardiovascular diseases has also been investigated in models of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac fibrosis, as well as arrhythmias induced by other non-cardiac pathologies, stress, and drug cardiotoxicity. This review aims to offer a critical overview on the effective ability of in silico bioinformatic tools, in vivo animal studies, in vitro models to provide insights on human heart rhythm pathophysiology in case of sick sinus syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and atrial fibrillation and advance their safe and successful translation into the cardiology arena.

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Section: -Modeling Af Through In Silico Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Silico Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherited and Acquired Rhythm Disturbances in Sick Sinus Syndrome, Brugada Syndrome, and Atrial Fibrillation: Lessons from Preclinical Modeling

Iop

Iliceto

Civieri

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…LA pathological states, such as atrial fibrillation, are risk markers of thrombus formation in the LA, which is associated with thromboembolic stroke (Wolf et al, 1991 ). The LA hemodynamics in atrial fibrillation have recently attracted attention, and several studies have conducted computational simulations of LA blood flow analysis aimed at clarifying causal relationships between LA hemodynamics and thrombosis (Otani et al, 2016 ; Bosi et al, 2018 ; Dillon-Murphy et al, 2018 ; Masci et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Dueñas-Pamplona et al, 2021 ). These studies have advanced computational approaches to modeling LA hemodynamics by considering anatomical LA geometries, physiological motions, and boundary conditions (Lantz et al, 2018 , 2019 ; Otani et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Impact of Left Upper Lobectomy on the Left Atrial Hemodynamics

Otani

Yoshida

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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The left atrium (LA) functions to transport oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins (PVs) to the left ventricle (LV). LA hemodynamics has received much attention because thrombosis in the LA in pathological states, such as atrial fibrillation, is a major factor leading to thromboembolic stroke. In the last 5 years, multiple cohort studies have revealed that left upper lobectomy (LUL) with PV resection risks thrombus formation in the PV stump even in the normal LA without a history of cardiac disease; the causal mechanism is, however, an open question. The present study investigated the potential effect of an LUL on LA hemodynamics associated with thrombus formation through computational simulation using four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) images. Time series of patient-specific LA geometries before and after LUL were extracted from the 4D-CT images and these motions were estimated through non-rigid registration. Adopting the LA geometries and prescribed moving wall boundary conditions, the LA blood flow was determined using a Cartesian-grid computational fluid dynamics solver. The obtained results show that the LUL resulted in blood flow impingement from the left and right PV inflows into the LA upper region throughout most of the cardiac cycle. This characteristic alteration of the LA hemodynamics generated fine-scale vortices with viscous energy dissipations, enhancing the flow stasis associated with thrombus formation in the PV stump. These findings show that an LUL affects the hemodynamics not only in the PV stump but also throughout the LA region. They also highlight the importance of computational analysis of LA hemodynamics in understanding the underlying mechanism of LUL-induced thrombus formation.

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“…However, the resolution provided by 4D flow MRI might be not enough to accurately catch the complexity of cardiac flows and their transitional effects: formation of shear layers, small vortices, and their interactions [11,12,13,14,15]. For this reason, in-silico simulations of the heart, often combined with medical images, stand as a valuable tool for a more accurate descripition of blood flows and to estimate a number of haemodynamic indicators as the wall shear stress (WSS) [16,17,18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the numerical approach, in [23], CFD simulations were performed without the application of a turbulence model; in [24,25], the LA haemodynamics is modeled via the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations in Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation; the Variational Multiscale Large Eddy Simulation (VMS-LES) method [27] is considered to model the transitional flow. In [18], a comparison is made considering the differences deriving from applying or not an LES model in AF conditions; the results suggest that, also with a mesh that hasn't the fineness required for DNS, the absence of a turbulence model is acceptable in AF simulations. Due to the relevance of LAA in thrombus formation, many studies analysed how the geometrical morphology of this region of the LA affects the blood flow [28,29,30,31,32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Left Atrium Haemodynamics: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

Corti¹,

Zingaro²,

Dedè³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We analyze left atrium haemodynamics, highlighting differences among healthy individuals and patients affected by atrial fibrillation. The computational study is based on patient-specific geometries of the left atria to simulate blood flow dynamics. We devise a novel procedure aimed at recovering the boundary conditions for the 3D haemodynamics simulations, particularly useful in absence of specific ones provided by clinical measurements. With this aim, we introduce a parametric definition of the atria displacement, and we employ a closed-loop lumped parameter model of the whole cardiocirculatory system conveniently tuned on the basis of the patient characteristics. We evaluate a number of fluid dynamics indicators for the atrial haemodynamics, validating our numerical results in terms of several clinical measurements; we investigate the impact of geometrical and clinical features on the risk of thrombosis. To analyse the correlation of thrombus formation with atrial fibrillation, coherently with the medical evidence, we propose a novel indicator, which we call age stasis and that arises from the combination of Eulerian and Lagrangian quantities. This indicator identifies regions where the slow flow cannot rinse the chamber properly, accumulating stale blood particles and creating optimal conditions for clot formation.

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A comprehensive comparison of various patient-specific CFD models of the left atrium for atrial fibrillation patients

Cited by 39 publications

References 47 publications

Inherited and Acquired Rhythm Disturbances in Sick Sinus Syndrome, Brugada Syndrome, and Atrial Fibrillation: Lessons from Preclinical Modeling

Inherited and Acquired Rhythm Disturbances in Sick Sinus Syndrome, Brugada Syndrome, and Atrial Fibrillation: Lessons from Preclinical Modeling

On the Impact of Left Upper Lobectomy on the Left Atrial Hemodynamics

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Left Atrium Haemodynamics: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

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