A comprehensive cloud-based real-time simulation framework for oblivious power routing in clusters of DC microgrids

Amini, M. Hadi; Boroojeni, Kianoosh G.; Dragičević, Tomislav; Nejadpak, Arash; Iyengar, S. Sitharama; Blaabjerg, Frede

doi:10.1109/icdcm.2017.8001055

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Besides, distributed control has also been reported to deal with secondary control of the virtual synchronous generator [11]. In addition, optimal power routing problem among DC microgrid clusters is discussed using communication method in [35]. It should be noted that, all methods above are based on periodic sampled-data control which implies high communication burden between agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Restoration Control of Islanded Microgrids With a Decentralized Event-Triggered Strategy

Chen

Xiao

Guerrero

2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

157

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Distributed cooperative control methods attract more and more attention in microgrid secondary control because they are more reliable and flexible. However, the traditional methods rely on the periodic communication, which is neither economic nor efficient due to its large communication burden. In this paper, an event-triggered approach based distributed control strategy is used to deal with the secondary frequency and voltage control in the islanded microgrid. By using the outputs of estimators, which are reset to the actual values only at the eventtriggered time, to replace the actual values in the feedback control laws, the proposed control strategies just require the communication between distributed secondary controllers at some particular instants while having frequency and voltage restoration function and accurate active power sharing. The stability and inter-event interval are also analyzed in this paper. An islanded microgrid test system is built in PSCAD/EMTDC to validate the proposed control strategies. It shows that the proposed secondary control strategies based on event-triggered approach can highly reduce the inter-agent communication. Index Terms-Distributed control, microgrid, secondary control, event-triggered strategy, power sharing, inter-event interval. NOMENCLATURE ωi, ωni Output frequency and its set-value of DGi. Vi, Vni Voltage amplitude and its set-value of DGi. Dpi, Dqi Frequency and voltage droop coefficients. pi, Pi Output and filtered active power of DGi. qi, Qi Output and filtered reactive power of DGi. ωc Cutoff frequency of low-pass filter. vdi, vqi Output voltages in the d-q coordinate of DGi. iodi, ioqi Output currents in the d-q coordinate of DGi. uωi, upi, uvi Frequency, active power and voltage control inputs of DGi. yωi, ypi, yvi Frequency, active power and voltage control outputs of DGi. eωi, epi, evi Frequency, active power and voltage local

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Restoration Control of Islanded Microgrids With a Decentralized Event-Triggered Strategy

Chen

Xiao

Guerrero

2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

157

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“…The application of H-MG energy management systems with (e.g., [1,[3][4][5]) or without energy storage (ES) (e.g., [7-9, 14, 15]), and H-MGs interoperability (e.g., [10,11,16]) have been investigated in numerous research papers in the past. Developing general strategies for retail market operation have also been addressed in [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Lack of a general framework for analyzing and modeling players' behavior in a deregulated competitive electricity market at the residential distribution level in [10,15,16,[32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An advanced retail electricity market for active distribution systems and home microgrid interoperability based on game theory

Marzband

Javadi

Pourmousavi

et al. 2018

Electric Power Systems Research

106

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The concept of active distribution network has emerged by the application of new generation and storage technologies, demand flexibility, and communication infrastructure. The main goal is to create infrastructure and algorithms to facilitate an increased penetration of distributed energy resources, application of demand response and storage technologies, and encourage local generation and consumption within the distribution network. However, managing thousands of prosumers with different requirements and objectives is a challenging task. To do so, market mechanisms are found to be necessary to fully exploit the potential of customers, known as Prosumers in this new era. This paper offers an advanced retail electricity market based on game theory for the optimal operation of home microgrids (H-MGs) and their interoperability within active distribution networks. The proposed market accommodates any number of retailers and prosumers incorporating different generation sources, storage devices, retailers, and demand response resources. It

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“…A lot of work has been done in MG operation and hierarchical control has become a standard method for MG [16][17][18][19]. For an islanded MG, the control aim is to balance active power (P) and reactive power (Q) between generations and power consumption, thus making MGs to operate as a controlled voltage source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Primary and Secondary Frequency Support Between Microgrid and Weak Grid

Xiao

Mingke

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

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Dispersed wind power connected to the weak grid may cause the frequency instability. In this paper, a hierarchical controller applied to a microgrid (MG), including wind turbines (WT) and battery units (BU), is proposed to provide in a coordinated frequency support to a weak grid by adjusting the tieline active power flow according to the frequency-grid requirements. The coordination between MG local and central controllers provides the following features. (i) In case of required grid-frequency, the MG tie-line power flow will be controlled to be constant in each dispatching time interval. (ii) In case of underfrequency, the coordination between WT virtual inertia and BU controllers will be used to participate in primary frequency regulation (PFR). Then, BU supplies power according to the secondary frequency regulation (SFR) commanded by the maingrid dispatch center. (iii) In case of over-frequency, BU absorbs power to reduce the tie-line active power for PFR purposes. After that, the SFR uses pitch control coordinated with the battery charge control. A stability analysis model is established to deal with several transitions among different operation modes and the interaction between the weak grid impedance and the MG output impedance. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed approach. Index Terms-Wind/battery microgrids, primary frequency regulation (PFR), secondary frequency regulation (SFR), hierarchical control, central controller, local controller NOMENCLATURE Parameter DescriptionWW Generated wind energy [J] T Scheduling period [min] PWf Forecast output power of WT [W] PT Average wind power [W] B * Reference power of the BU inverter [W] PWT Actual WT output power [W] PWT * WT expected output power [W] Pinertia WT virtual power inertia [W] f Difference between the grid frequency and the rated one [Hz] k PFR factor [-] kd Differential coefficient of the frequency deviation [-] PAGC_MG AGC power scheduling of MG [W] PAGC_g AGC power scheduling of grid[W] CMG Frequency-regulation capacity of the MG [W] are with Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrical Engineering and Energy Technology, Tianjin Cg Frequency-regulation capacity of the grid [W] fmin Minimum value of the normal frequency [Hz] fmax Maximum value of the normal frequency[Hz]  WT rotor angle speed [rad/s] rated WT rotor rated angle speed [rad/s]  PMSG rotor position angle[] p Pole pairs number of PMSG[-] Psloss PMSG stator losses[W] isabc PMSG stator current[A] Udc Back-to-back converter dc bus voltage[V] Air density [kg/m 3 ] WT radius[m] Wind energy utilization factor [W‧s 3 /kg‧m 2 ] β * Pitch angle reference of the WT [] β Pitch angle of the WT [] λ Tip speed ratio[-] maximum wind energy utilization factor [W‧s 3 /kg‧m 2 ] Popt WT maximum power [W] sd , sq d-q stator inductances [mH] s Stator resistance [Ω] sd , sq d-q stator voltages [V] Synchronous angular velocity[rad/s] φ Permanent magnet flux of the PMSG [Wb] Te Electromagnetic torque of the PMSG [N‧m] E Kinetic energy stored in the WT [J] J Inertia of the WT and i...

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A comprehensive cloud-based real-time simulation framework for oblivious power routing in clusters of DC microgrids

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Secondary Restoration Control of Islanded Microgrids With a Decentralized Event-Triggered Strategy

Secondary Restoration Control of Islanded Microgrids With a Decentralized Event-Triggered Strategy

An advanced retail electricity market for active distribution systems and home microgrid interoperability based on game theory

Coordinated Primary and Secondary Frequency Support Between Microgrid and Weak Grid

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