A Comprehensive Approach to the Chemistry, Pollution Impact and Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Sources in a Former Industrialized Area of Romania

Resz, Maria-Alexandra; Roman, Cecilia; Șenilă, Marin; Török, Anamaria Iulia; Kovács, Enikő

doi:10.3390/w15061180

Cited by 6 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As indicated in Figure 16, generally, the main sources of SO4 2− are correlated to Industrial activities [45]. The industrial activities in the study area are dominated by coal and iron ore.…”

Section: Impact Of Human Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Karst Groundwater in the Fengfeng Mining Area

Sun,

Bian,

Wang

et al. 2023

Water

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The karst water resources in the Fengfeng mining area are an important water supply source in the region. In recent years, due to the influence of external environment changes, the hydrochemical environment of karst groundwater has changed. In order to scientifically understand karst groundwater and rationally develop groundwater resources, it is necessary to study the hydrochemical characteristics and evolution laws of groundwater in this area. In this study, major elements in karst groundwater of different years and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in 2022 were analyzed. The hydrochemical types of the study area were analyzed by using the Piper trilinear diagram drawn with Aquachem10.0 software. D and 18O were used to analyze the source and elevation of groundwater recharge. Origin software was used to draw Gibbs diagrams, three-terminal diagrams, ion ratio diagrams, etc., to analyze the influencing factors of groundwater chemical components. The research results show that: (1) The groundwater in the study area is mainly HCO3-Ca(Mg) type water; (2) The main supply source of karst water in the study area is atmospheric precipitation, and the supply elevation ranges from 1166.7 to 1533.3 m; (3) Most of the karst groundwater in the study area is affected by the dissolution of carbonate and silicate rocks; (4) With the influence of human activities, mainly agricultural activities, with the passage of time, the impact of industrial activities on groundwater has been weakening.

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Section: Impact Of Human Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Karst Groundwater in the Fengfeng Mining Area

Sun,

Bian,

Wang

et al. 2023

Water

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“…The lowest intake characterized Cd in G3 < G4 < G1 < G2 < G5 and As in G3 < G4 < G2 < G9 < G1. In other national studies, CDI ranged between 9.1 × 10 −6 mg/kg/.day and 2.1 mg/kg/day in the north of Romania, 3 × 10 −4 mg/kg/day and 7.2 mg/kg/day in the central part of Romania [ 75 , 76 ]. According to Moldovan et al [ 77 ] in the eastern part of Romania, the CDI scores were lower than 1.28 µg/kg/day.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The results ranged between 2.0 and 226, indicating a low heavy metal pollution level and a high heavy metal pollution level. The pollution index was applied for the following heavy metals: Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn [ 75 ]. Studies from the northern part of Romania indicated that the studied groundwaters were classified into three different heavy metal pollution levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In different studies from Romania, HQ was below 0.72 (groundwater collected from the central part of the country) and 0.08 (groundwater collected from the north), indicating no non-carcinogenic risks from heavy metals through water ingestion [ 75 , 76 ]. In the eastern part of the country, the HQ scores ranged between 2.3 × 10 −5 and 4.3, mainly due to the heavy metals enriched by natural sources and geogenic processes [ 60 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Assessment of Drinking Water Quality and Associated Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Gutai Mountains, Romania

Dippong,

Resz

2024

Toxics

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Chemical data compiled from field and laboratory studies were analysed on drinking water sources from a mountain area (Gutai Mountains) in Romania. Six physico-chemical indicators, nine anions, and twenty-one metals were determined and analysed. The results of this study showed that waters are generally rich in NH4+ and NO2−, exceeding the recommended limit of 0.5 mg NH4+/L, while some waters are rich in As, Cd, Mn and Pb, but with concentrations below the limits concerning the use of waters with drinking purposes. The applied heavy metal pollution indices (scores: 0.56–47.9) indicate that more than 50% of samples are characterized by medium pollution degrees. Based on the results obtained, it was determined that geological and human activities were influential in enriching the studied waters with the chemicals considered. Emphasizing this aspect related to pollution sources and the importance of a clean chemical status that must characterize waters used for drinking purposes, a human health risk assessment for heavy metals was implemented. The results indicated that even though the studied waters are rich in heavy metals, scores related to the risk assessment of heavy metals indicated a lack of non-carcinogenic risks for As, Mn, Cd and Cu. Nevertheless, this study and the results obtained are significant at national and international levels by offering a perspective on determining the potential pollution and associated human health risks at heavy metals in drinking water sources from a mountain area.

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“…In our spatiotemporal model of analysis, the variation of physical and chemical parameters is explained by the water sources (Surf and Ground), sampling month, and locality. In the past, the city of Medias was polluted with heavy metals from a neighboring metallurgic plant, but recent research performed on local drinking water sources indicates a low level of pollution with Cd, Ni, Cr, Pb, and As [87]. In certain situations, chemical heterogeneity may refer to inadequate treatment in water plants, or post-treatment contamination in the distribution pipes, explaining the high concentrations of Mn, Fe, and nitrates [88].…”

Section: Physical-chemical Parameters Of Investigated Drinking Water ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multivariate Model of Drinking Water Quality Based on Regular Monitoring of Radioactivity and Chemical Composition

Tăban,

Benedek,

Stoia

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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From a public health perspective, the monitoring of water quality intended for human consumption belongs to the operational and audit management of the supply zones. Our study explores the spatial and temporal patterns of the parameters of drinking water in Sibiu County, Romania. We related the relevant physical-chemical parameters (ammonia, chlorine, nitrates, Al, Fe, Pb, Cd, Mn, pH, conductivity, turbidity, and oxidizability) and radioactivity (gross alpha activity, gross beta activity, and radon-222 content) from a 5-year survey to the water source (surface water and groundwater, which may be of subsurface or deep origin), space (sampling locality) and time (sampling month and year). We conducted a combined evaluation using the generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), Pearson correlation analysis of the physical-chemical parameter, multivariate linear redundancy analysis (RDA), t-value biplots construction, and co-inertia analysis. The obtained regional model shows that the source, locality, and month of sampling are significant factors in physical-chemical parameters’ variation. Fe and turbidity have significantly higher values in surface water, and nitrates and conductivity in groundwater. The highest values are recorded in January (nitrates), March (Cl, ammonia, pH) and August (Fe, turbidity). The RDA ordination diagram illustrates the localities with particular or similar characteristics of drinking water, two of which (rural sources) being of concern. The water source is the best predictor for radioactivity, which increases from surface to ground. The gross alpha and beta activities are significantly and positively correlated, and are both correlated with conductivity. In addition, the gross alpha activity is positively correlated with nitrates and negatively with pH, while the gross beta activity is positively correlated with Mn and negatively with Fe; these relationships are also revealed by the co-inertia analysis. In conclusion, our model using multilevel statistical techniques illustrates a potential approach to short-term dynamics of water quality which will be useful to local authorities.

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A Comprehensive Approach to the Chemistry, Pollution Impact and Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Sources in a Former Industrialized Area of Romania

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Karst Groundwater in the Fengfeng Mining Area

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Karst Groundwater in the Fengfeng Mining Area

Chemical Assessment of Drinking Water Quality and Associated Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Gutai Mountains, Romania

A Multivariate Model of Drinking Water Quality Based on Regular Monitoring of Radioactivity and Chemical Composition

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