A comprehensive analysis of energy and exergy characteristics for a natural gas city gate station considering seasonal variations

Olfati, Mohammad; Bahiraei, Mehdi; Heidari, Setareh; Veysi, Farzad

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.069

Cited by 52 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As shown in the figure (5); the relationship between the variation in methane concentration and the exergetic efficiency of the gas mixture is a close linear in an inverse proportion. i.e., when the concentration of methane in the gas mixture increases, the exergetic efficiency decreases.…”

Section: 1 Effect Of Methane Concentration Variation On Exergetic Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Throttling valves are used to reduce the gas pressure where the physical exergy of high pressure gas is wasted. [1][2][3][4][5] Energy recovery from natural gas distribution network is a strategy for sustainable energy in the urban area. 6 For energy recovery purposes, the pressure drop can be exploited through dynamic or volumetric expanders by obtaining mechanical energy and thus electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exergy Analysis of a Turbo Expander: Modeling and Simulation

El-Husseiny¹,

Farouq

Farag³

et al. 2021

ACSi

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Natural gas is a mixture that is widely used in the industries. Knowledge of its thermodynamic properties is essential for evaluating the process and equipment performance. This paper quantifies the energy that can be extracted from natural gas using a turbo expander. Natural gases of wide-ranging compositions collected from 6 different gas fields in Egypt were investigated based on energy and exergy analysis. The study was conducted using MATLAB. Numerous simulation runs were made by taking various typical feed compositions classified as lean and rich. The effects of increasing the amount of C1, C5 in the feed stream on the efficiency of energy utilization are presented. A validation analysis was performed. The results show similar trends and good agreements. It was concluded from the results that when the concentration of methane in the gas mixture increase, the exergetic efficiency decreases. The results also show that the values of thermodynamic properties depend on the relative amount of heavy components in the feed stream.

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Section: 1 Effect Of Methane Concentration Variation On Exergetic Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergy Analysis of a Turbo Expander: Modeling and Simulation

El-Husseiny¹,

Farouq

Farag³

et al. 2021

ACSi

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show abstract

“…The pressure of the transferred natural gas should be reduced to the desired amount based on the applications in the city gate stations (CGSs). [ 27 ] On the other hand, this pressure drop is associated with a decrease in gas temperature due to the Joule–Thomson coefficient, which leads to the formation of a hydrate of the water in the gas and the blockage of the gas path. [ 28 ] In order to prevent the formation of a hydrate caused by the high‐pressure drop, the gas is preheated by the heat exchanger in the water bath heater before the pressure drops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of heat transfer characteristics of macromolecule fouling on heat exchanger surface: A dynamic simulation study

et al. 2023

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At the city gate gas pressure reduction stations (CGSs), to prevent natural gas from forming a hydrate in the throttle valve, the natural gas is heated by the heater before reaching the pressure relief valve. Heat exchangers are an essential component of industrial processes that contribute significantly to total system energy. Since the element impacting heat exchanger performance is the fouling process, all fouling processes and models were dynamically simulated in this study. Through coding in the C++ language and simultaneous use of fluent functions, or, in other words, user‐defined function (UDF), fouling‐related models were defined for this software. The dynamic simulation was performed, and parameters such as fouling strength and layer thickness were calculated. The effects of changing operating conditions, such as gas inlet velocity, surface temperature, and fouling species concentration on fouling growth, were also evaluated. As the concentration of fouling species increased, the fouling rate also increased. The amount of supersaturation and fouling rate increased as the surface temperature increased. Due to the operational limitations of the system, to reduce the fouling rate, the gas inlet velocity should be as high as possible, and the fluid inlet temperature, surface temperature, and concentration of fouling species should be as low as possible. In this study, the required time to reach the efficiency of 70% of the heat exchanger was calculated using the modelling of this chamber, which was equivalent to 190 days. Additionally, the critical thickness of the fouling layer at this time was 3.5 cm.

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“…Iran has 2500 gas reduction stations [3], which traditionally consist of a gas-fired heater, throttling valve, heat exchanger, and control system. The pressure reduction in the gas reduction station results in a drop in temperature because of the positive Joule-Thompson coefficient [4] and consequent formation of hydrates. Thus, the preheating system regulates the outlet temperature of natural gas from the turboexpander or throttling valve to provide appropriate means of preventing the formation of hydrate and corrosion failure [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-objective Optimal Design of Gas-fired Heater Based on Modified Design Model of Fired Heater Taking into Account Exergy, Economic and Environmental Factors

Saryazdi

Rezaei

Saboohi

et al. 2021

IJE

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Heaters are one of the central parts of natural gas reduction stations using turboexpanders to prevent the formation of hydrate and corrosion failure. This study intends to design a fired heater by applying a combustion sub-model to derive an optimal model for this kind of application. This model is developed to accurately consider all subsections of the fired heater namely radiation, convection, and shield sections, as well as flue gas composition, and its volume. Within this context, a multi-objective optimization is employed to identify the optimal design of the gas-fired heater in the natural gas reduction station for the Ramin power plant case study. The total economic and environmental costs, together with modified exergy efficiency, are selected as objective functions. Multi-criteria-decisionmaking-method is employed on Pareto frontiers optimal curve to suggest the optimal solution. Results show that the developed model can outperform previous models in thermal efficiency with relatively similar costs. Besides, the optimal point in Pareto suggested by the decision-making-method accounts for a higher modified exergy efficiency (1.3%) than the counterpart, which thermal efficiency is regarded as an objective function. At the same time, its total cost remained almost constant. The effects of changes in each of the design parameters on the objective functions are also evaluated.

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A comprehensive analysis of energy and exergy characteristics for a natural gas city gate station considering seasonal variations

Cited by 52 publications

References 22 publications

Exergy Analysis of a Turbo Expander: Modeling and Simulation

Exergy Analysis of a Turbo Expander: Modeling and Simulation

The effect of heat transfer characteristics of macromolecule fouling on heat exchanger surface: A dynamic simulation study

Multi-objective Optimal Design of Gas-fired Heater Based on Modified Design Model of Fired Heater Taking into Account Exergy, Economic and Environmental Factors

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