A Comprehensive Analysis of Eco‐Friendly Cs₂SnI₆ Based Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cell through Device Modeling

Abstract

The choice of appropriate materials is of paramount importance in realizing a high efficiency perovskite solar cell. Lead free eco-friendly perovskite solar cell architecture is theoretically investigated using solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) for device performance. Preliminary investigations on Cs 2 SnI 6 solar cell architectures have indicated that the presence of hole transport layer is crucial in achieving an open-circuit voltage greater than 0.6 V. The presence of a valence band offset between the Cs 2 SnI 6 absorber and hole transport layer has a significant detrimental impact on the short-circuit current density and fill factor of the cell. A novel device architecture employing TiO 2 as an electron transport material and Cu 2 O as a hole transport material is proposed to overcome the limitations associated with the current designs. Theoretical investigations are carried out employing 1D SCAPS simulation program in order to optimize the structure by varying the perovskite thickness, bandgap, and defect concentration. The proposed solar cell after optimization has a practically realizable power conversion efficiency of 17.77%.

Improved eco-friendly CsSn0.5Ge0.5I3 perovskite photovoltaic efficiency beyond 20% with SMe-TATPyr hole-transporting layer

“…This result aligns with previous research indicating that shallow imperfections have minimal impact on photocarrier recombination, resulting in a slight restriction to the V OC and J SC . 50 The findings given in this study also indicate that when the concentration of shallow N T exceeds 10 18 cm −3 , the efficiency of the PSC begins to decline significantly due to an intensified trapping–detrapping process. This finally results in a decrease in the mobility of photocarriers.…”

Designing a Novel Hole-Transporting Layer for FAPbI3-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Conversely, if the PVSK layer is excessively thick, it can lead to increased charge recombination, which will eventually result in a reduced short-circuit current density ( J SC ). , The open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) exhibits a slight decline as the PVSK layer thickness increases. It is important to note that V OC has a little dependency upon the thickness of the PVSK photoactive layer . On the other hand, J SC continues to increase until it reaches a saturation point at a quite high absorber thickness, about 600 nm.…”

“…It is important to note that V OC has a little dependency upon the thickness of the PVSK photoactive layer. 64 On the other hand, J SC continues to increase until it reaches a saturation point at a quite high absorber thickness, about 600 nm. A thicker PVSK layer provides more absorption of photons in PSCs as a result of the long diffusion length of photoinduced carriers.…”

Numerical investigation of a high-efficiency BaZrxTi1−xS3 chalcogenide perovskite solar cell

“…The reason for choosing relatively high values of the bulk defect density and interfacial defect density (1 × 10 15 and 1 × 10 14 cm −3 ) of the chalcogenide perovskite is because lower values are practically unrealisable. 10 Furthermore, in order to simulate a realistic cell, Au with a work function of 5.1 eV was chosen as the back contact before the quantum efficiency and J – V characteristics were calculated. It was found that after optimisation the J SC of the solar cell was nearly twice what it had practically achieved before optimisation of the aforementioned parameters.…”

“…While most of the theoretical investigations reported thus far have focused on the improvement in the efficiency of perovskite solar cells, 1–4 in practice, the presence of organic cation (CH 3 NH 3 + ) leads to long-term instability of the device upon exposure to heat, moisture, and UV radiation. In order to address these challenges, researchers have reported inorganic perovskite materials 5–11 and formamidinium-based perovskite materials 12,13 with efficiencies comparable to conventional organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells. Even though the optoelectronic properties of inorganic perovskites are promising, their performances have not surpassed that of hybrid perovskites due to their severe non-radiative recombination losses.…”