A composite tectonic–eustatic origin for shelf sandstones at the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary in North Greenland

Bryant, Ian; Smith, M. Paul

doi:10.1144/gsjgs.147.5.0795

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the foreland areas of Kronprins Christian Land, Lower Ordovician dolostones and limestones of the Wandel Valley Formation overlie the Hagen Fjord Group and Kap Holbaek Formation, producing a regionally significant and distinctive unconformity (Figs 2, 3; Peel, 1985;Bryant & Smith, 1990;Smith et al 1999). Above the 320-410 m thick Wandel Valley Formation, a c. 1 km thick succession of Middle Ordovician-mid-Silurian subtidal and peritidal carbonates is assigned to the Morris Bugt and Washington Land groups (Smith, Sønderholm & Tull, 1989;Higgins et al 1991).…”

Section: A Caledonian Forelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conodont geothermometry and tectonic overburden in the northernmost East Greenland Caledonides

Rasmussen

Smith

2001

Geol. Mag.

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Kronprins Christian Land lies at the northernmost limit of the East Greenland Caledonides, and may be divided into four main tracts: foreland, parautochthon, thin-skinned thrust sheets containing Neoproterozoic sediments, and thick-skinned thrust sheets of crystalline basement. The eastern part of the foreland and the parautochthon are composed of Ordovician-Silurian shelf carbonates overlain by Llandovery-lower Wenlock turbidites deposited at the southern margin of the Franklinian Basin. Deformation of the parautochthon occurred beneath a major detachment, the Vandredalen thrust, with Neoproterozoic sediments of the Rivieradal Group lying in the hanging wall. The Rivieradal Group was deposited in an E-facing half-graben and was displaced westwards across its rift shoulders during Caledonian thrusting. Extensive sampling for conodonts has been carried out within the Lower Palaeozoic rocks of the foreland and parautochthon in order to increase the precision of structural interpretations and to provide data on maximum burial temperature and, in turn, the thickness of overburden. In contrast to earlier studies, conodont colour alteration indices (CAI) show a gradual and continuous increase from CAI 3 in the eastern part of the foreland to CAI 5+ in the easternmost parts of the parautochthon. The isopleths are not disrupted or truncated by thrusting, as previously suspected, indicating that the heating is not attributable to pre-thrusting stratigraphic overburden. Furthermore, considerations of the regional geology indicate that there was no significant accumulation of sedimentary overburden in post-Caledonian time; the predominant component is thus considered to be loading by thrust sheets. Modelling of the overburden thickness suggests that, prior to erosion, it increased from 3.9 km (CAI 3) in the easternmost foreland to a maximum of 12.5 km beneath the Vandredalen thrust sheet in the easternmost part of the area, providing constraints for restoring cross-sections across the orogen.

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Section: A Caledonian Forelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conodont geothermometry and tectonic overburden in the northernmost East Greenland Caledonides

Rasmussen

Smith

2001

Geol. Mag.

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“…This event has been recognized widely, and Miller (1992) discussed the evidence for it in detail in several depositional settings. In some sections at the level where evidence for the LREE might be expected, generally shallow water sedimentary characteristics occur, as in central and western North Greenland (Bryant and Smith, 1990).…”

Section: Utah and Southeastern Idahomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ibexian Series (Lower Ordovician), a replacement for "Canadian Series" in North American chronostratigraphy

Ross¹,

Hintze²,

Ethington³

et al. 1993

Open-File Report

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The Ibexian Series (mainly Lower Ordovician), first proposed by Hintze (1982), replaces the "Canadian Series" of North American usage. The lower boundary stratotype of the Ibexian Series is defined at a point in rock 39.1 m (128.3 ft) above the base of the Lava Dam Member of the Notch Peak Formation in the Lava Dam Five section of the Steamboat Pass-Lava Dam composite section of Hintze and others (1988). The lower boundary of the Ibexian Series is coincident with the lowest observed occurrence of Cordylodus andresi Viira and Segeeva in Viira and others, 1987 which also defines the base of the Hirsutodontus hirsutus Subzone of the Cordylodus proavus Zone. This horizon is about 0.1 m (4 in) below the lowest trilobite sample assigned to the Eurekia apopsis Zone. The top of the Ibexian Series in its type area coincides with the correlated base of the Whiterockian Series which is drawn at the base of the Tripodus laevis Conodont Zone and coincidentally with the base of the Paralenorthis-Orthidiella Brachiopod Zone (= Zone L of Ross, 1951). The Ibexian Series is characterized by over one-hundred-fifty conodont species and over onehundred-fifty trilobite and articulate brachiopod species from a composite of 11 measured sections in the type area, located in the southern House Range and southern Confusion Range in the Notch Peak and the The Barn 15-minute quadrangles, Millard County, Utah. The composite stratotype section involves the Lava Dam Member of the Notch Peak Formation, House Limestone, Fillmore Formation, and part of the Wah Wah Limestone. The composite section aggregates 801 m (2,628 ft) of abundantly fossiliferous limestone and subordinate calcareous siliciclastic rocks that formed in a miogeoclinal, shallow water carbonate platform environment. The Ibexian Series is here divided, in ascending order, into the Skullrockian, Stairsian, Tulean, and Blackhillsian Stages and into 11 conodont zones and 14 shelly fossil zones that augment and refine the original 10 Ross (1951) and Hintze (1953) shelly fossil zones, which have been widely accepted for correlation within the North American faunal province for 40 years. In addition nautiloid cephalopods, gastropods, sponges, echinoderms, ostracodes, and graptolites occur in the composite section. Recent work shows that the base of the Ibexian Series can be recognized in low paleolatitude sites in both carbonate shelf and slope facies in the western U.S.

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“…These lithologies resemble others that occur along the continental margin of Laurentia. They are recorded, for example, by Swett & Smit (1972) in Scotland and Greenland and by Bryant & Smith (1990) in Greenland. Colton (1970), Thomas (1991) and Allan et al (2009), working on the Eastern Seaboard of North America, have reconstructed the continental margin.…”

Section: Laurentian Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotectonic evolution of Midland Scotland from Cambrian to Silurian: a review

Bluck

2013

SJG

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Synopsis During its Lower Palaeozoic history, the Midland Valley of Scotland was subject to compression from the blocks on either side, confirming the views of Kennedy (1958). Cambrian–Llanvirn-aged rocks of the Hebridean craton formed part of a passive margin, which extended to the ESE and is now replaced by the metamorphic complexes of the Moine and Dalradian. Both blocks had undergone metamorphism, uplift and shedding of their covers elsewhere. The ophiolitic part of the Highland Border Complex, which may be a continuation of the structurally foreshortened and rotated Ballantrae Complex, was obducted at c .490 Ma and may have interacted with rocks of the Hebridean passive margin. Ordovician rocks at Girvan are a small remnant of a one-time far larger forearc basin, which formed to the south of a major arc complex, originally situated in the Midland Valley and probably extending from somewhere in the North Sea to offshore Ireland and beyond. The Highland Border Complex includes rocks coeval with the Midland Valley arc at c .470 Ma that formed a back-arc basin. The Southern Uplands have converged on the Midland Valley, with the forearc sequence apparently missing in Scotland. Part of that convergence history is recorded in the Silurian conglomerates of the southern Midland Valley. Silurian sequences in this area contain conglomerates and breccias, derived from the south that record the presence of an igneous and possibly also a metamorphic complex in the region now occupied by the trench sequence of the Southern Uplands. It is suggested that the trench was later thrust over this source block and that the Southern Upland Fault forms part of that thrust sequence. The metamorphic complexes to the north, replacing the Hebridean passive margin, did not interact with the Midland Valley until Lower Devonian times. It follows that there was no mountain-building orogeny in Scotland, other than an arc, a sliver of trench, and numerous examples of crustal contraction by strike-slip and/or thrusting.

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A composite tectonic–eustatic origin for shelf sandstones at the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary in North Greenland

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Conodont geothermometry and tectonic overburden in the northernmost East Greenland Caledonides

Conodont geothermometry and tectonic overburden in the northernmost East Greenland Caledonides

The Ibexian Series (Lower Ordovician), a replacement for "Canadian Series" in North American chronostratigraphy

Geotectonic evolution of Midland Scotland from Cambrian to Silurian: a review

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