A composite index of formal sovereignty for small islands and coastal territories

Alberti, François; Goujon, Michaël

doi:10.24043/isj.96

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Categorising Bermuda as a "small state" is quite controversial given its position as a semi-autonomous region de jure under the United Kingdom. However, using the categorisation of Alberti and Goujon (2020), it can be seen that Bermuda ful ls almost all the features of a sovereign state except in the diplomatic aspect, where it cannot formulate its own foreign policy. Bermuda diplomacy, therefore, falls into the category of paradiplomacy which is carried out through nonpolitical cooperation matters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small Islands in International Relations: Bermuda’s Sports Paradiplomacy

Utomo¹,

Renanda²

2022

JMIC

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The concept of smallness is not only found in Island Studies but also in International Relations, a study that discusses the interaction of political units in the international world. Both Island Studies and International Relations see smallness as a characteristic that can influence the behavior of small island states. This paper tries to bring together the two studies by discussing the case of Bermuda, an island with a semi-autonomous status which has a level of sovereignty close to that of sovereign states. The authors argue that smallness does not always translate into a completely negative condition. Some small states actually depart from their weak position in the international world to then develop their soft power, or the ability to attract the attention of other international actors in a non-coercive manner. In the case of Bermuda, its limited bargaining position in the international world actually makes it more focused on developing sports as its leading sector. Through the sports sector, Bermuda develops its brand to furtherly engage with other international actors and gains economic benefits from it.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While determining the degree of sovereignty can be contentious, we can use categories outlined by Alberti and Goujon (2020) to characterise an organised political authority: diplomacy, executive, legislative, judicial, defence, and monetary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Islands in International Relations: Bermuda’s Sports Paradiplomacy

Utomo¹,

Renanda²

2022

JMIC

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“…Even recognition of sovereignty by the United Nations is no guarantee of actual power to make govern oneself in a complex and interdependent world. Autonomy exists on a spectrum, ranging from total dependence to total autonomy (Alberti & Goujon, 2020): when we speak of a subnational jurisdiction holding 'autonomous status', this is necessarily relative to other similar subnational jurisdictions as well as contingent upon relations with other actors. Attempts to measure autonomy or make extent of self-government a precondition for formal sovereignty or political independence often occur on the terms of metropolitan and non-Indigenous actors (Grydehøj, 2020).…”

Section: Shima Volume 17 Number 1 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous Island Autonomy and Special Economic Zone Status: Developmental tensions of Jeju Free International City, South Korea

Grydehøj¹,

Kim²,

Su³

2023

Shima

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Islands are associated with both high levels of autonomous status and sovereign status on the one hand and the creation of exceptional spaces on the other, both linked with the development of distinctive island cultures. This article argues that there is a tension between these tendencies, as is illustrated by the case of Jeju Island, South Korea. Jeju is a self-governing province and subnational island jurisdiction (SNIJ). Its autonomy is rooted in contested understandings of Jeju natives as an Indigenous people, distinct from the people of the Korean Peninsula. In practice, however, Jeju’s autonomy is used as a tool for containing a special economic zone (SEZ) aimed at attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) to South Korea as a whole. By taking an island studies approach, this paper shows how Jeju’s ostensible Indigenous autonomy has been compromised by the island’s use as an exceptional space crafted in conscious relation to the mainland. Key governance mechanisms on Jeju do not prioritise Indigenous rights. Studies of island political and economic development require careful analysis of how diverse political and economic processes are influenced by islandness itself.

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“…The role of sovereignty remains poorly understood, primarily because most studies take a simple binary perspective, whereas it may have many dimensions (e.g. economic, legislative, security) and is almost certainly more of a continuum than a dichotomy (Alberti and Goujon, 2020). Further, limited sovereignty in one dimension does not necessarily mean less in another (Grydehøj, 2020).…”

Section: Growth Challenges For Small Economiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The non-sovereign territories: Economic and environmental challenges of sectoral and geographic over-specialisation in tourism and financial services

Armstrong

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2021

European Urban and Regional Studies

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This paper analyses the economic and geographic characteristics of the world’s principal non-sovereign territories in the context of the growth challenges facing small economies. These territories enjoy high degrees of policy autonomy within a complex array of relationships with their metropolitan countries. Seven of the ten metropolitan powers are European and account for 38 of the 49 inhabited non-sovereign territories. The territories’ distinct economic and geographic characteristics, notably small size and remoteness, have led to their adopting similar niche sectoral growth strategies to those of small sovereign states and a reliance upon tourism and financial services. In spite of the growth challenges faced, most of these territories have attained high levels of per capita gross national income, placing them in the World Bank High Income category. Global heating, economic crises and regional environmental shocks, along with growing international protectionist sentiments, however, raise critical questions regarding the continued viability of their traditional growth strategies, particularly their heavy reliance upon environmentally harmful long-haul air travel and cruise tourism. This paper bridges the gap between large-scale growth studies, which generally overlook non-sovereign entities, and single case studies to examine the determinants of the growth success of non-sovereign territories and their future growth challenges given the pressing need for both economic and environmental sustainability.

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A composite index of formal sovereignty for small islands and coastal territories

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Small Islands in International Relations: Bermuda’s Sports Paradiplomacy

Small Islands in International Relations: Bermuda’s Sports Paradiplomacy

Indigenous Island Autonomy and Special Economic Zone Status: Developmental tensions of Jeju Free International City, South Korea

The non-sovereign territories: Economic and environmental challenges of sectoral and geographic over-specialisation in tourism and financial services

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