A composite fall-slippage model for cliff recession in the sedimentary coastal cliffs

Sajinkumar, K.S.; Kannan, J.P.; Indu, G.K.; Muraleedharan, C.; Rani, V. R.

doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2016.08.006

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Research contributions into the dynamics of rocky coasts in recent years allow for a better understanding of retreat rates in a variety of locations worldwide (Brooks and Spencer, 2010;Bezore et al, 2016;Sajinkumar et al, 2017;Young, 2018), the identification of factors responsible for erosion (for a review, Kennedy et al, 2014a) and of some precursor signs before failure (Rosser et al, 2007), but knowledge of the respective contributions of triggering factors responsible for erosion are still difficult to determine (Costa, 2005;Naylor et al, 2010;Lim et al, 2011;Kuhn and Prüfer, 2014;Letortu et al, 2015a) even though some research has been successful in prioritizing factors (Bernatchez and Dubois, 2008;Bernatchez et al, 2011). In the northeastern part of Normandy (NW France), along the Channel, the plateaus of the Parisian Basin abruptly end in subvertical cliffs made up of Upper Cretaceous chalk with flint bands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine and subaerial controls of coastal chalk cliff erosion in Normandy (France) based on a 7-year laser scanner monitoring

et al. 2019

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Between October 2010 and November 2017, surveys using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) were carried out every 4-5 months to monitor erosion on three chalk cliff faces with close structural characteristics in Normandy (the two Dieppe sites are abandoned cliffs while the Varengeville-sur-Mer site is an active one). The uniqueness of this paper is the comparison between these cliff sections and the significance of marine and/or subaerial controls in erosion. Beyond the quantification of annual retreat rates, which on the active cliff are currently 36 times greater than on the abandoned cliffs, this paper highlights the fundamental efficacy of marine controls in the current cliff erosion and the removal of falls (analyses of modalities of retreat and profile evolution according to a naturalistic approach). Subaerial processes appear to have a less erosive action than marine ones, because the studied abandoned cliffs show low erosion dynamics and have maintained a subvertical profile despite continentalization for between 30 to more than 120 years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine and subaerial controls of coastal chalk cliff erosion in Normandy (France) based on a 7-year laser scanner monitoring

et al. 2019

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“…29 Six freshwater springs emerge at the base of the cliff, where the permeable sandstone overlays an impermeable clay layer. 29 Spring water discharge at the beach increases from premonsoon to monsoon and postmonsoon season. 30 The groundwater springs are contaminated with coliform bacteria and elevated NO 3 concentrations 30 and are herein referred to as nearshore groundwater discharge.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varkala Beach has a 30 m high cliff just above a 10–100 m wide beach (see graphical abstract). In the upper 15 m of the cliff, laterites are exposed underlain by layers of sandstone and carbonaceous clay . Six freshwater springs emerge at the base of the cliff, where the permeable sandstone overlays an impermeable clay layer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropical Beaches Attenuate Groundwater Nitrogen Pollution Flowing to the Ocean

Oehler

Ramasamy

George

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Tropical urbanized coastal regions are hotspots for the discharge of nutrient-enriched groundwater, which can affect sensitive coastal ecosystems. Here, we investigated how a beach modifies groundwater nutrient loads in southern India (Varkala Beach), using flux measurements and stable isotopes. Fresh groundwater was highly enriched in NO3 from sewage or manure. Submarine groundwater discharge and nearshore groundwater discharge were equally important contributors to coastal NO3 fluxes with 303 mmol NO3 m–1 day–1 in submarine and 334 mmol NO3 m–1 day–1 in nearshore groundwater discharge. However, N/P ratios in nearshore groundwater discharge were up to 3 orders of magnitude greater than that in submarine groundwater, which can promote harmful algae blooms. As groundwater flowed through the beach, N/P ratios decreased toward Redfield ratios due to the removal of 30–50% of NO3 due to denitrification and production of PO4 due to mineralization of organic matter. Overall, tropical beaches can be important natural biogeochemical reactors that attenuate nitrogen pollution and modify N/P ratios in submarine groundwater discharge.

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“…Kerala, characterized by all three physiographic divisions, namely highland (>75.0 m), midland (7.5-75.0 m) and coastal plain (<7.0 m), exhibits diverse geomorphic features, such as tall mountain peaks of Anaimudi (2695 m), 41 short-run west flowing rivers, and a coastal plain studded with several lagoon and barrier systems. For example, according to Joseph and Thrivikramji (2002) and Sajinkumar et al (2017), several parts of the coastal plains (Vembanadkayal, Kuttanad, and the Kole lands of Thrissur) have their floor below the mean sea level. Many of the shortrun rivers have multi-purpose water storage reservoirs and dams located in the highland and/or midland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-based assessment of the August 2018 flood in parts of Kerala, India

Vishnu

Sajinkumar

Oommen

et al. 2019

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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108

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From 1 June to 29 August 2018, Kerala, a state in southwestern India, recorded 36% excess rainfall than normal levels, leading to widespread floods and landslides events and resulting in 445 deaths. In this study, satellite-based data were used to map the flood inundation in the districts of Thrissur, Ernakulam, Alappuzha, Idukki and Kottayam. Specifically, flood delineation was enabled with Sentinel-1A radar data of 21 August 2018 and was compared with an average pre-flood, water-cover map based on Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) that was developed using a January and February 2018 Sentinel-2A dataset. A 90% increase in water cover was observed during the August 2018 flood event. Low lying areas in the coastal plains of Kuttanad and the Kole lands of Thrissur, had marked a rise of up to 5 and 10 m of water, respectively, during this deluge. These estimates are conservative as that the flood waters had started receding prior to the August 21 Sentinel-1A imagery.

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A composite fall-slippage model for cliff recession in the sedimentary coastal cliffs

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Marine and subaerial controls of coastal chalk cliff erosion in Normandy (France) based on a 7-year laser scanner monitoring

Marine and subaerial controls of coastal chalk cliff erosion in Normandy (France) based on a 7-year laser scanner monitoring

Tropical Beaches Attenuate Groundwater Nitrogen Pollution Flowing to the Ocean

Satellite-based assessment of the August 2018 flood in parts of Kerala, India

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