A component of polysaccharide peptidoglycan complex on Lactobacillus induced an improvement of murine model of inflammatory bowel disease and colitis‐associated cancer
Abstract:SummaryInterleukin-6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signals play key roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We previously described that both intact cells and a cell wall-derived polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex (PSPG) in a strain of lactobacillus [Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS)] inhibited IL-6 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) isolated from murine IBD. Diets with LcS improve murine IBD by… Show more
“…These themes are consistent with previous research of polysaccharide effects. For example, the reports of perceived change in gastrointestinal health are consistent with mechanistic studies in animals that demonstrate positive effects of polysaccharide intake on gut function (Marzorati, et al, 2010;Matsumoto, et al, 2008). Similarly, the reports of perceived improvement in the experience of arthritic pain lend support to the findings of saccharide involvement in arthritic conditions (A.…”
Objectives: There is increased scientific interest in the effects of nutrition on cognition and well-being. Plant sourced polysaccharides play multiple roles in the biological processes required for health and well-being. This study explored the subjective experiential reports of well-being following intake of a plant derived polysaccharide supplement.Design: The study used a 12 week double-blind, placebo controlled polysaccharide supplementation design.Method: 109 middle-aged adults (45-60 years) took a standardised teaspoon of a combination of plant polysaccharides or a placebo twice daily for 12 weeks (3.6 g per day), and completed three, open-ended interviews at weeks 4, 8 and 12.Results: Participants who took the polysaccharide supplement reported significantly more perceived beneficial changes in both physical and psychological well-being, specifically at week 12, compared to those who received the placebo.Conclusion: This study provides a starting point for understanding the perceived beneficial impact of polysaccharide interventions on aspects of well-being. Importantly, as a healthrelated application of polysaccharide science, this research supports the relationship that is emerging between the properties and function of polysaccharides. It is essential that future research assesses the effects of polysaccharide intake on a range of physical and psychological well-being outcomes to further the understanding of structure-function relationships with the aim of enhancing the functional health and well-being of individuals.
“…These themes are consistent with previous research of polysaccharide effects. For example, the reports of perceived change in gastrointestinal health are consistent with mechanistic studies in animals that demonstrate positive effects of polysaccharide intake on gut function (Marzorati, et al, 2010;Matsumoto, et al, 2008). Similarly, the reports of perceived improvement in the experience of arthritic pain lend support to the findings of saccharide involvement in arthritic conditions (A.…”
Objectives: There is increased scientific interest in the effects of nutrition on cognition and well-being. Plant sourced polysaccharides play multiple roles in the biological processes required for health and well-being. This study explored the subjective experiential reports of well-being following intake of a plant derived polysaccharide supplement.Design: The study used a 12 week double-blind, placebo controlled polysaccharide supplementation design.Method: 109 middle-aged adults (45-60 years) took a standardised teaspoon of a combination of plant polysaccharides or a placebo twice daily for 12 weeks (3.6 g per day), and completed three, open-ended interviews at weeks 4, 8 and 12.Results: Participants who took the polysaccharide supplement reported significantly more perceived beneficial changes in both physical and psychological well-being, specifically at week 12, compared to those who received the placebo.Conclusion: This study provides a starting point for understanding the perceived beneficial impact of polysaccharide interventions on aspects of well-being. Importantly, as a healthrelated application of polysaccharide science, this research supports the relationship that is emerging between the properties and function of polysaccharides. It is essential that future research assesses the effects of polysaccharide intake on a range of physical and psychological well-being outcomes to further the understanding of structure-function relationships with the aim of enhancing the functional health and well-being of individuals.
“…While the bacterium is known to be a strong Th1-type cytokine inducer (32), of which the active component was proposed to be LTA (12), it exerts anti-inflammatory activity against diabetes mellitus (26) and inflammatory bowel disease (24,25) in animal models. It was shown that the cell wall preparation containing PS and PG could be the active component of the anti-inflammatory activity (25). We have focused on the role of cell wall PSs in the immune modulation activities of YIT 9029 and have found that high-molecular-mass cell wall PSs (PS-1) are a prerequisite for anti-inflammatory activity (43).…”
The patterns of lectin-binding affinity of most strains were found to be unique. There appears to be two types of lectin-binding profiles: the first is characterized by a few lectins, and the other is characterized by multiple lectins with different specificities. We also showed a dramatic change in the lectin-binding profile of a YIT 9029 derivative with a mutation in the cps1C gene, encoding a putative glycosyltransferase. In conclusion, the developed technique provided a novel strategy for rapid profiling and, more importantly, differentiating numerous bacterial strains with relevance to the biological functions of PS.
“…Based on these properties of the Lactobacillaceae group, Glendinning et al [26] hypothesized the existence of a symbiotic relationship between the helminths and the microbes to be one of the key players in reducing intestinal inflammation. Matsumoto et al [27] has also documented the anti-inflammatory properties of some members of the genus Lactobacillus. The exact effects on the gut microbiota as a result of this cascade of reaction have not been investigated in details [5].…”
Section: Role Of the Gut Microbiota In Establishment Of The Helminth mentioning
The animal gut has co-evolved with the microbes and parasites leading to an increased tolerance to their existence therein. Their peaceful co-existence has been a subject of research in the recent years to decipher their probabilities in multidimensional applications ranging from eradicating the helminths without affecting gut homeostasis or using helminths as therapeutics. Negligence in any one of the components of the animal gut can lead to unhealthy gut ecosystems often manifesting a diseased state. Supply of key nutrients, synthesis of vitamins, resistance to invasion by pathogens and helping in hatching of helminth eggs are some important services provided by the gut bacteria that may well be utilised by the helminth. The gut bacteria thus seem to be exploited by the helminths for establishment of infection in the host. However, relationships are not as simple as it seems. The paper tries to present different aspects of this host-bacteria-helminth relationship and their future perspectives.
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