A complication of coronavirus disease 2019: delirium

Cipriani, Gabriele; Danti, Serena; Nuti, Angelo; Carlesi, Cecilia; Lucetti, Claudio; Fiorino, Mario Di

doi:10.1007/s13760-020-01401-7

Cited by 52 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Other authors acknowledge delirium as a complication of COVID-19 and state that the presence of comorbidities found during the SARS-CoV-2 infection may facilitate the onset of an acute confusional state [ 47 ]. Independent of the etiology of delirium, hospitals should consider adding mental status changes to the list of testing criteria since delirium may be the only presenting symptom [ 48 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)

2021

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, is responsible for the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) and was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It is evident that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a challenging world issue. Although most COVID-19 patients primarily develop respiratory symptoms, an increasing number of neurological symptoms and manifestations associated with COVID-19 have been observed. In this narrative review, we elaborate on proposed neurotropic mechanisms and various neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications of COVID-19 reported in the present literature. For this purpose, a review of all current published literature (studies, case reports, case series, reviews, editorials, and other articles) was conducted and neurological sequelae of COVID-19 were summarized. Essential and common neurological symptoms including gustatory and olfactory dysfunctions, myalgia, headache, altered mental status, confusion, delirium, and dizziness are presented separately in sections. Moreover, neurological manifestations and complications that are of great concern such as stroke, cerebral (sinus) venous thrombosis, seizures, meningoencephalitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, Miller Fisher syndrome, acute myelitis, and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) are also addressed systematically. Future studies that examine the impact of neurological symptoms and manifestations on the course of the disease are needed to further clarify and assess the link between neurological complications and the clinical outcome of patients with COVID-19. To limit long-term consequences, it is crucial that healthcare professionals can early detect possible neurological symptoms and are well versed in the increasingly common neurological manifestations and complications of COVID-19.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)

2021

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“…The nurses involved in our study mentioned that family involvement was limited to practicalities and they missed the presence of the family, especially in situations the patient was delirious or anxious. It is suggested that the incidence of delirium among COVID-19 hospitalized patients is rising, probably due to the isolation measures and personal protective equipment of the healthcare professionals ( Mcloughlin et al., 2020 , Cipriani et al., 2020 ). Because family can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of delirium ( McKenzie and Joy, 2020 ), research on how to involve family in the care for delirious patients during periods of visiting restrictions is urgently needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strict isolation requires a different approach to the family of hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A rapid qualitative study

Maaskant

Jongerden²,

Bik

et al. 2021

International Journal of Nursing Studies

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“…The biologically-mediated effects of COVID-19 infection have been shown to be multifaceted. Among the many clinical manifestations a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms (1) and delirium (2) have been observed in patients with severe COVID-19 infection, even in the absence of any other symptoms/signs. Likewise, the psycho-social impact of this pandemic on the mental health of the general population, as well as of frontline workers and people with pre-existing psychiatric conditions, has been extensively documented (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of COVID-19 Infection and Enforced Prolonged Social Isolation on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Older Adults With and Without Dementia: A Review

2020

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Background: The sudden and drastic changes due to the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic have impacted people's physical and mental health. Clinically-vulnerable older people are more susceptible to severe effects either directly by the COVID-19 infection or indirectly due to stringent social isolation measures. Social isolation and loneliness negatively impact mental health in older adults and may predispose to cognitive decline. People with cognitive impairments may also be at high risk of worsening cognitive and mental health due to the current pandemic. This review provides a summary of the recent literature on the consequences of COVID-19, due to either viral infection or social isolation, on neuropsychiatric symptoms in older adults with and without dementia. Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science to identify all relevant papers published up to the 7th July 2020. Two independent assessors screened and selected the papers suitable for inclusion. Additional suitable papers not detected by literature search were manually added. Results: Fifteen articles were included: 8 focussed on the psychiatric symptoms caused by the COVID-19 infection and 7 investigated the impact of social isolation on older adults' neuropsychiatric symptoms. Four studies included older adults without dementia and 11 included patients with cognitive impairment mainly due to Alzheimer's disease. All studies found that different neuropsychiatric symptoms emerged and/or worsened in older adults with and without dementia. These changes were observed as the consequence of both COVID-19 infection and of the enforced prolonged conditions of social isolation. Cases were reported of viral infection manifesting with delirium at onset in the absence of other symptoms. Delirium, agitation and apathy were the symptoms most commonly detected, especially in people with dementia. Conclusion: The available evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has a wide negative impact on the mental well-being of older adults with and without dementia. Manca et al. Ageing and COVID-19 Neuropsychiatric Complications Viral infection and the consequent social isolation to limit its spreading have a range of neuropsychiatric consequences. Larger and more robustly designed studies are needed to clarify such effects and to assess the long-term implications for the mental health of older adults, and to test possible mitigating strategies.

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A complication of coronavirus disease 2019: delirium

Cited by 52 publications

References 28 publications

Neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)

Neurological symptoms, manifestations, and complications associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)

Strict isolation requires a different approach to the family of hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A rapid qualitative study

The Impact of COVID-19 Infection and Enforced Prolonged Social Isolation on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Older Adults With and Without Dementia: A Review

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