A complex subsistence regime revealed for Cucuteni–Trypillia sites in Chalcolithic eastern Europe based on new and old macrobotanical data

Kirleis, Wiebke; Corso, Marta Dal; Pashkevych, Galyna; Schlütz, Frank; Hofmann, Robert; Terna, Andreea; Dreibrodt, Stefan; Rud, Vitalii; Videiko, Mykhailo Y.; Müller, Johannes

doi:10.1007/s00334-023-00936-y

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The observed differences in textile production between the settlements of the two successive stages in the development of the Trypillia culture can be correlated with broader trends in the evolution of the economy, social structures, and political organization. These trends, characterized by active development and refinement during the stages of Trypillia BI-BII, BII, and CI (late 5 th to early 4 th millennia BC), transition into a phase of decline, primarily with the onset of the CII stage of the Trypillia culture or undergo significant transformations (e.g., Hofmann et al 2019;Kirleis et al 2023). There is also a degradation in pottery production during this stage (Ryzhov 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the micro processes of the production and use of ceramic vessels and textile products from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma (Ukraine)

Rud,

Zaitseva,

Skrzyniecka

et al. 2023

Spraw. Arch.

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The article presents an analysis of a collection of ceramic fragments with textile imprints from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma, which are situated in modern Ukraine. The analysis involved macroscopic and microscopic examinations as well as use-wear studies, aimed at characterizing traces that provide insights into the production and utilization of ceramic vessels and textile products. A comparison of results with published data from the Trypillia settlements located mainly to the east of the Dnister River was carried out. A preliminary characterization of the shared and distinct characteristics in the development of the economic activities during the Trypillia CI and CII stages (i.e., during 4th millennium BC), was completed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the micro processes of the production and use of ceramic vessels and textile products from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma (Ukraine)

Rud,

Zaitseva,

Skrzyniecka

et al. 2023

Spraw. Arch.

Self Cite

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Overarching Patterns of Ancient Transformation in Europe

Müller,

Kirleis,

Kneisel

et al. 2024

Quantitative Archaeology and Archaeological Modelling

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Collating insights from preceding chapters, and adding in further data from CRC 1266 research, this final chapter synthesises elements to initiate an understanding of transformation as a general phenomenon across the region. Notably, the identified 14 European transformation phases exhibit diverse regional and local impacts, reflected in the regional transformations studied in this research project.This chapter aims to bring together the ideas presented thus far in this volume in order to spark further development in integrative archaeology by highlighting the nuanced nature of transformations, transcending the conventional categorisation of European prehistory into Stone, Bronze, and Iron Ages. This traditional division based primarily on technological advancements overlooks the multifaceted changes occurring concurrently across various societal forms in diverse environments. Instead, this study emphasises the necessity of considering multiple facets of human-environmental interactions for a comprehensive understanding of transformations. We conclude that comprehensive evaluation of European data to decipher transformation process across social, temporal and spatial scales requires holistic consideration, in order to be able to further develop an anatomy of transformation, which can contribute significantly to refining interpretations and models in archaeological understanding.

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Triticum timopheevii s.l. (‘new glume wheat’) finds in regions of southern and eastern Europe across space and time

Filipović,

Jones,

Kirleis

et al. 2023

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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Triticum timopheevii sensu lato (‘new glume wheat’, NGW) was first recognised as a distinct prehistoric cereal crop through work on archaeobotanical finds from Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in northern Greece. This was later followed by its identification in archaeobotanical assemblages from other parts of Europe. This paper provides an overview of the currently known archaeobotanical finds of Timopheev’s wheat in southeastern and eastern Europe and observes their temporal span and spatial distribution. To date, there are 89 prehistoric sites with these finds, located in different parts of the study region and dated from the Neolithic to the very late Iron Age. Their latest recorded presence in the region is in the last centuries bce. For assemblages from the site as a whole containing at least 30 grain and/or chaff remains of Timopheev’s wheat, we take a brief look at the overall relative proportions of Triticum monococcum (einkorn), T. dicoccum (emmer) and T. timopheevii s.l. (Timopheev’s wheat), the three most common glume wheats in our study region in prehistory. We highlight several sites where the overall proportions of Timopheev’s wheat might be taken to suggest it was a minor component of a mixed crop (maslin), or an unmonitored inclusion in einkorn or emmer fields. At the same sites, however, there are also discrete contexts where this wheat is strongly predominant, pointing to its cultivation as a pure crop. We therefore emphasise the need to evaluate the relative representation of Timopheev’s wheat at the level of individual samples or contexts before making inferences on its cultivation status. We also encourage re-examination of prehistoric and historic cereal assemblages for its remains.

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A complex subsistence regime revealed for Cucuteni–Trypillia sites in Chalcolithic eastern Europe based on new and old macrobotanical data

Cited by 5 publications

References 46 publications

Tracing the micro processes of the production and use of ceramic vessels and textile products from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma (Ukraine)

Tracing the micro processes of the production and use of ceramic vessels and textile products from the Cucuteni-Trypillia settlements of Bilyi Kamin and Krynychky-Ferma (Ukraine)

Overarching Patterns of Ancient Transformation in Europe

Triticum timopheevii s.l. (‘new glume wheat’) finds in regions of southern and eastern Europe across space and time

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