A complex network framework for the efficiency and resilience trade-off in global food trade

Abstract

Global food trade is crucial for food security and availability. Trade is typically optimized to promote efficiency, whereas resilience is increasingly being recognized as another important objective. However, it is not clear if prioritizing resilience comes at the expense of efficiency or if the two objectives can be promoted simultaneously. We develop a complex network framework to assess the relationship between efficiency and resilience of food trade for the last half century. There is a competitive relationship between efficiency and resilience when only network topology is considered. However, a cooperative relationship between efficiency and resilience exists when the intensity of trade connections is accounted for. Policy makers can use this framework to evaluate the relationship between efficiency and resilience in critical supply chains.

Synergistic relationship or not? Understanding the resilience and efficiency of the tourism economy: evidence from Hainan Province, China

“…Despite the existence of a correlation between the resilience and efficiency of the tourism economy, empirical knowledge of the interactive relationship between the two is still underdeveloped (Essuman et al, 2020 ). Existing studies on the synergistic relationship between resilience and efficiency mainly focus on transportation (Ganin et al, 2017 ), water resources (Li & Yang, 2011 ), food trade (Karakoc & Konar, 2021 ), the marine economy (Zhu et al, 2021 ) and other fields and mainly pursue the transformation from a velocity model growth mode with high input and low output to a high quality and beneficial growth mode with coordinated toughness and efficiency (Sun & Meng, 2020 ). The collaborative evaluation methods used are typically the synergy degree model (Acton et al, 2019 ), Wilson coefficient method (Bampatsou & Halkos, 2019 ), grey GM model, relative index method of industrial synergy agglomeration (Comert et al, 2021 ) and Haken model.…”

“…The pursuit of tourism development efficiency alone still leads to environmental pollution, ecological damage and resource deterioration (Ivanov et al,2014). The views on whether prioritizing development efficiency will damage resilience or whether tourism economic resilience and development efficiency can achieve a dynamic balance need to be further confirmed (Markolf et al, 2022 ; Karakoc & Konar, 2021 ). Especially in the complex situation of the extensive spread of the pandemic, regional conflicts and disputes, and economic market instability, there is an urgent need to further explore the internal operation mechanism of the tourism economy to understand the relationship between the resilience and efficiency of the tourism economy.…”

Unfolding the Scientific Umbrella of Food Trading

“…By connecting the economic implications of international agri-food product trading activities with the topic of food security, Andrei et al (2021) recognized the vital role of the global agri-food supply chain in feeding the constantly growing world's population, therefore arguing for the importance of the free market. Since the intensity of agricultural trade continues to amplify (Karakoc & Konar, 2021), even during the COVID-19 pandemic, when behavioral food consumption pattern changes occurred (Constantin, Beia, et al, 2021;Hobbs, 2020;Rodríguez-Pérez et al, 2020), ensuring food security became more challenging than ever (Atalan-Helicke & Abiral, 2021; Deaton & Deaton, 2020; Wegerif, 2020). On top of that, agri-food trading activities and food security are also highly connected to topics specific to sustainable development and climate change (Istudor et al, 2019;Pérez-Escamilla, 2017;Wheeler & von Braun, 2013).…”

Agri-Food Trade Balance in the European Union

“…Food trade plays a vital role in the modern food systems, especially in the globalized world that we are in now (Suweis et al, 2015;MacDonald et al, 2015;Karakoc & Konar, 2021). Agri-food trade also enables nations with clear competitive advantage and satisfies the demands of specific products that distant inhabitants are clearly in lack of.…”