A complex mathematical model of the human menstrual cycle

Reinecke, Isabel; Deuflhard, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.03.011

Cited by 51 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The mathematical approach used for the bovine model is comparable to the approach used for the model of the human menstrual cycle [60], which has been developed at the Zuse Institute. The system is considered in four compartments: hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, ovaries and uterus, connected through peripheral and portal blood (Figure 1).…”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of models have been developed for other ruminant species, especially ewes [13,35], but these models do not contain all the key players that are required to simulate follicle development and the accompanying hormone levels throughout consecutive cycles. A model that integrates the major tissues and hormones involved, and that is able to simulate the dynamics of follicular development, has been developed for the human menstrual cycle [61]. This model describes the dynamics of hormones, enzymes, receptors, and follicular phases throughout the cycle in a set of differential equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiologic and endocrine mechanisms that regulate the cycle are very similar between human and cows. Therefore, some mechanisms of the human model in [61] could be used (although sometimes with simplifications), and extended with other mechanisms like follicular wave emergence and corpus luteum regression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A simple mathematical model of the bovine estrous cycle: Follicle development and endocrine interactions

Bôer

Stötzel

Röblitz

et al. 2011

Journal of Theoretical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bovine fertility is the subject of extensive research in animal sciences, especially because fertility of dairy cows has declined during the last decades. The regulation of estrus is controlled by the complex interplay of various organs and hormones. Mathematical modeling of the bovine estrous cycle could help in understanding the dynamics of this complex biological system. In this paper we present a mechanistic mathematical model of the bovine estrous cycle that includes the processes of follicle and corpus luteum development and the key hormones that interact to control these processes. The model generates successive estrous cycles of 21 days, with three waves of follicle growth per cycle. The model contains 12 differential equations and 54 parameters. Focus in this paper is on development of the model, but also some simulation results are presented, showing that a set of equations and parameters is obtained that describes the system consistent with empirical knowledge. Even though the majority of the mechanisms that are included in the model are based on relations that in literature have only been described qualitatively (i.e. stimulation and inhibition), the output of the model is surprisingly well in line with empirical data. This model of the bovine estrous cycle could be used as a basis for more elaborate models with the ability to study effects of external manipulations and genetic differences. AMS MSC 2000: 92C42, 92C30, 90C31, 65L09

show abstract

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A simple mathematical model of the bovine estrous cycle: Follicle development and endocrine interactions

Bôer

Stötzel

Röblitz

et al. 2011

Journal of Theoretical Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…E2 stimulates LH synthesis, but at levels below a certain threshold value it inhibits the release of LH. Above this threshold, the inhibitory effect on LH release switches to a stimulatory effect (reviewed by Reinecke and Deuflhard, 2007), which results in the LH surge. The shift from inhibition to stimulation may be dependent on the site of action of E2, that is, a switch from membrane signaling to genomic signaling (ArreguinArevalo and Nett, 2006).…”

Section: Estrous Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gene network models or mechanistic mathematical models) aims to improve insight in the biological system as a whole (Burbeck and Jordan, 2006), and this approach is often referred to as systems biology. An interesting example of a systems biology approach in the field of female reproduction is the model for the human menstrual cycle developed by Reinecke and Deuflhard (2007), which integrates the major tissues and hormones involved, and is able to simulate the dynamics of follicular development and the associated cyclic hormone level changes. It is expected that a systems biology approach improve the understanding of physiological consequences of alterations in gene expression patterns, for example, the possible implications for expression of estrous behavior.…”

Section: Understanding the Complex Regulation Of Estrous Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrous behavior in dairy cows: identification of underlying mechanisms and gene functions

Bôer

Veerkamp

Beerda

et al. 2010

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Selection in dairy cattle for a higher milk yield has coincided with declined fertility. One of the factors is reduced expression of estrous behavior. Changes in systems that regulate the estrous behavior could be manifested by altered gene expression. This literature review describes the current knowledge on mechanisms and genes involved in the regulation of estrous behavior. The endocrinological regulation of the estrous cycle in dairy cows is well described. Estradiol (E2) is assumed to be the key regulator that synchronizes endocrine and behavioral events. Other pivotal hormones are, for example, progesterone, gonadotropin releasing hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1. Interactions between the latter and E2 may play a role in the unfavorable effects of milk yield-related metabolic stress on fertility in high milk-producing dairy cows. However, a clear understanding of how endocrine mechanisms are tied to estrous behavior in cows is only starting to emerge. Recent studies on gene expression and signaling pathways in rodents and other animals contribute to our understanding of genes and mechanisms involved in estrous behavior. Studies in rodents, for example, show that estrogen-induced gene expression in specific brain areas such as the hypothalamus play an important role. Through these estrogen-induced gene expressions, E2 alters the functioning of neuronal networks that underlie estrous behavior, by affecting dendritic connections between cells, receptor populations and neurotransmitter releases. To improve the understanding of complex biological networks, like estrus regulation, and to deal with the increasing amount of genomic information that becomes available, mathematical models can be helpful. Systems biology combines physiological and genomic data with mathematical modeling. Possible applications of systems biology approaches in the field of female fertility and estrous behavior are discussed.

show abstract

Mathematical modeling of the female reproductive system: from oocyte to delivery

Clark

Kruger

2016

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

From ovulation to delivery, and through the menstrual cycle, the female reproductive system undergoes many dynamic changes to provide an optimal environment for the embryo to implant, and to develop successfully. It is difficult ethically and practically to observe the system over the timescales involved in growth and development (often hours to days). Even in carefully monitored conditions clinicians and biologists can only see snapshots of the development process. Mathematical models are emerging as a key means to supplement our knowledge of the reproductive process, and to tease apart complexity in the reproductive system. These models have been used successfully to test existing hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of female infertility and pathological fetal development, and also to provide new experimentally testable hypotheses regarding the process of development. This new knowledge has allowed for improvements in assisted reproductive technologies and is moving toward translation to clinical practice via multiscale assessments of the dynamics of ovulation, development in pregnancy, and the timing and mechanics of delivery. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1353. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1353 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

show abstract

A complex mathematical model of the human menstrual cycle

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

A simple mathematical model of the bovine estrous cycle: Follicle development and endocrine interactions

A simple mathematical model of the bovine estrous cycle: Follicle development and endocrine interactions

Estrous behavior in dairy cows: identification of underlying mechanisms and gene functions

Mathematical modeling of the female reproductive system: from oocyte to delivery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About