A compilation of data on lead 210 concentration in surface air and fluxes at the air‐surface and water‐sediment interfaces

Preiss, Nicolas; Mélières, Marie-Antoinette; Pourchet, M.

doi:10.1029/96jd01836

Cited by 171 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…4). 210 Pb deposition and precipitation are correlated in North America (Preiss et al 1996), and Outridge et al (2002) suggested that Pb deposition in the Arctic is controlled by limited atmospheric scavenging due to low precipitation. This hypothesis is supported by a near-significant relationship between Resolute Bay annual precipitation and Meretta Lake sedimentary Pb (r 5 0.57, df 5 10, p 5 0.07) and by the general similarity of the Pb trend in Meretta Lake to that observed in Amituk Lake, 52 km to the northeast (Outridge et al 2002) (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural eutrophication, anoxia, and ecosystem recovery in Meretta Lake, High Arctic Canada

Antoniades

Michelutti

Quinlan

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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We studied the effects of four decades of cultural eutrophication on Meretta Lake, in the Canadian High Arctic, through a multiproxy analysis of its sediments, including sedimentary pigments, metal concentrations, stable isotope ratios, chironomids, and diatoms. While Meretta Lake's biota clearly responded to nutrient inputs, the manner in which the changes differed from those expected in temperate lakes underlined the profound effects in Arctic lakes of extended ice and snow cover on light penetration, mixing, and interactions with the atmosphere. Hypolimnetic anoxia developed rapidly in Meretta Lake in response to sewage enrichment and was accompanied by the appearance of photosynthetic sulfur bacteria. Benthic communities responded rapidly to sewage inputs, but phytoplankton biomass did not increase until eutrophication was accompanied by climate warming, further reinforcing the importance of ice cover in controlling biotic processes in high Arctic lakes. With climate-mediated ice cover reductions in Meretta Lake, the response to eutrophication began to more closely resemble temperate processes. Recent trajectories indicate that slightly more than a decade after the cessation of sewage inputs, Meretta Lake is recovering toward pre-enrichment conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural eutrophication, anoxia, and ecosystem recovery in Meretta Lake, High Arctic Canada

Antoniades

Michelutti

Quinlan

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…[21] Because of (1) the interannual variation of natural 210 Pb annual flux (mainly due to snow precipitation variability), (2) the very low activities detected in our work as observed in most of the high mountain sites (up to 3000 m), and (3) the absence of data knowledge concerning deposition fluxes in our study sector [Preiss et al, 1996], the 210 Pb-based chronology needs to be confirmed by independent methods [Smith, 2001] with artificial radionuclide profiles providing unambiguous chronostratigraphic markers. In the Southern Hemisphere, the maximum fall out peaks of fission products ( 137 Cs; 241 Pu, indirectly measured by 241 Am; and 90 Sr) are clearly associated with the most intensive testing activity between 1961 to 1962, leading in the southern South America to subsequently fallout with the highest fluxes in 1964 and 1965 [Arnaud et al, 2006;Magand and Arnaud, 2007].…”

Section: Radionuclides Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A promising location in Patagonia for paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental reconstructions revealed by a shallow firn core from Monte San Valentín (Northern Patagonia Icefield, Chile)

et al. 2008

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International audienceThe study of past climate variability from ice core investigations has been largely developed both in polar areas over the past decades and, more recently, in tropical regions, specifically along the South American Andes between 0° and 20°S. However a large gap still remains at mid-latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. In this framework, a 15.3-m long shallow firn core has been extracted in March 2005 from the summit plateau of Monte San Valentín (3747 m, 46°35′S, 73°19′W) in the Northern Patagonia Icefield to test its potential for paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. The firn temperature is −11.9°C at 10-m depth allowing to expect well preserved both chemical and isotopic signals, unperturbed by water percolation. The dating of the core, on the basis of a multi-proxy approach combining annual layer counting and radionuclide measurements, shows that past environment and climate can be reconstructed back to the mid-1960s. A mean annual snow accumulation rate of 36 ± 3 cm year−1 (i.e., 19 ± 2 g cm−2 year−1) is inferred, with a snow density varying between 0.35 and 0.6 g cm−3, which is much lower than accumulation rates previously reported in Patagonia at lower elevations. Here, we present and discuss high-resolution profiles of the isotopic composition of the snow and selected chemical markers. These data provide original information on environmental conditions prevailing over Southern Patagonia in terms of air masses trajectories and origins and biogeochemical reservoirs. Our main conclusion is that the San Valentín site is not only influenced by air masses originating from the southern Pacific and directly transported by the prevailing west winds but also by inputs from South American continental sources from the E–NE, sometimes mixed with circumpolar aged air masses, the relative influence of these two very distinct source areas changing at the interannual timescale. Thus this site should offer a wealth of information regarding (South) Pacific, Argentinian NE–E areas and Antarctic climate variability

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“…This data set is based on the previously compiled database by Preiss et al (1996), except that it has been reduced and aggregated onto a 5 • × 5 • grid, thus making it more convenient for model-observation comparisons. Figure 7 shows a scatter plot of HadGEM2-UKCA modelled multi-annual mean surface 210 Pb deposition fluxes and observed fluxes.…”

Section: Wet Scavengingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the new UKCA climate-composition model – Part 2: The Troposphere

et al. 2014

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Abstract. In this paper, we present a description of the tropospheric chemistry component of the UK Chemistry and Aerosols (UKCA) model which has been coupled to the Met Office Hadley Centre's HadGEM family of climate models. We assess the model's transport and scavenging processes, in particular focussing on convective transport, boundary layer mixing, wet scavenging and inter-hemispheric exchange. Simulations with UKCA of the short-lived radon tracer suggest that modelled distributions are comparable to those of other models and the comparison with observations indicate that apart from a few locations, boundary layer mixing and convective transport are effective in the model as a means of vertically redistributing surface emissions of radon. Comparisons of modelled lead tracer concentrations with observations suggest that UKCA captures surface concentrations in both hemispheres very well, although there is a tendency to underestimate the observed geographical and interannual variability in the Northern Hemisphere. In particular, UKCA replicates the shape and absolute concentrations of observed lead profiles, a key test in the evaluation of a model's wet scavenging scheme. The timescale for inter-hemispheric transport, calculated in the model using a simple krypton tracer experiment, does appear to be long relative to other models and could indicate deficiencies in tropical deep convection and/or insufficient boundary layer mixing. We also describe the main components of the tropospheric chemistry and evaluate it against observations and other tropospheric chemistry models. In particular, from a climate forcing perspective, present-day observed surface methane concentrations and tropospheric ozone concentrations are reproduced very well by the model, thereby making it suitable for long centennial integrations as well as studies of biogeochemical feedbacks. Results from both historical and future simulations with UKCA tropospheric chemistry are presented. Future projections of tropospheric ozone vary with the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP). In RCP2.6, for example, tropospheric ozone increases up to 2010 and then declines by 13 % of its year-2000 global mean by the end of the century. In RCP8.5, tropospheric ozone continues to rise steadily throughout the 21st century, with methane being the main driving factor. Finally, we highlight aspects of the UKCA model which are undergoing and/or have undergone recent developments and are suitable for inclusion in a next-generation Earth System Model.

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A compilation of data on lead 210 concentration in surface air and fluxes at the air‐surface and water‐sediment interfaces

Cited by 171 publications

References 53 publications

Cultural eutrophication, anoxia, and ecosystem recovery in Meretta Lake, High Arctic Canada

Cultural eutrophication, anoxia, and ecosystem recovery in Meretta Lake, High Arctic Canada

A promising location in Patagonia for paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental reconstructions revealed by a shallow firn core from Monte San Valentín (Northern Patagonia Icefield, Chile)

Evaluation of the new UKCA climate-composition model – Part 2: The Troposphere

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