A compatible interaction of Alternaria brassicicola with Arabidopsis thalianaecotype DiG: evidence for a specific transcriptional signature

Abstract

Background: The interaction of Arabidopsis with Alternaria brassicicola provides a model for disease caused by necrotrophs, but a drawback has been the lack of a compatible pathosystem. Infection of most ecotypes, including the widely-studied line Col-0, with this pathogen generally leads to a lesion that does not expand beyond the inoculated area. This study examines an ecotype, Dijon G (DiG), which is considered sensitive to A. brassicicola.

Arabidopsis Cell Death in Compatible and Incompatible Interactions with Alternaria brassicicola

“…Interactions between Arabidopsis thaliana and Alternaria brassicicola have been frequently employed to investigate the functions of plant genes in necrotrophic interactions (Cramer and Lawrence, 2004;Mengiste et al, 2003;Mukherjee et al, 2009;Oh et al, 2005;Veronese et al, 2004;Zheng et al, 2006). Based on the enigmatic innate immunity of Col-0 against MUCL20297, which is virulent on Brassica oleracea (Cramer et al, 2006), and the completion of the genome projects for both pathogen and host, a wealth of information has now accumulated on the roles of several plant genes and defense signaling pathways that are related with jasmonic acid and camalexin in the incompatible interactions.…”

“…A. brassicicola also secretes cutinase/cutinolytic enzymes and lipases that are thought to be virulence factors responsible for specific interaction with its hosts (Berto et al, 1999). Up to now, several large-scale expression studies have been performed in the interaction between A. brassicicola strain MUCL20297 and its susceptible host, Brassica oleracea, and between MUCL-20297 and resistant Arabidopsis ecotypes including Col-0 (Cramer and Lawrence, 2004;Cramer et al, 2006;Mukherjee et al, 2009). These results suggested a relationship between Col-0's resistance and the primed state within Col-0 against MUCL20297 infection on the basis of the transcriptional patterns of MONOOXYGENASE (MO) 1.…”

Identification of sequences expressed during compatible black pepper—Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis interaction

“…The HR comprises a rapid death of cells surrounding the infected region, which can deprive the pathogens of their nutrition and commonly leads to systemic acquired resistance (SAR), where pathogenesis-related proteins are expressed (Alvarez et al 1998;Wang et al 2005). Studies have showed changes in expression level of malate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase enzymes during compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions (Gupta et al 1993;Degenhardt et al 2005;Subramanian et al 2005;Geddes et al 2008;Mukherjee et al 2009;Mandal et al 2011). Superoxide dismutase enzyme is essential for the antioxidant defense system and acts catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide (Monk et al 1989).…”

“…On the other hand, in a compatible interaction a susceptible plant is infected by an adapted pathogen, inducing the development of disease, which commonly leads to death. Studies show that in some plants the defense reaction can be delayed or the pathogen can employ mechanisms to inhibit the defense (Bell et al 1986;Jakobek et al 1993;Alfano and Collmer 1996;Desender et al 2007;Rinaldi et al 2007) The identification of genes expressed during compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions have contributed to understanding molecular mechanisms involved in plant response, and defense process (Fekete et al 2009;Nascimento et al 2009;Mukherjee et al 2009;Schlink 2010); furthermore, such genes have been employed successfully in the production of transgenic plants (Latha et al 2005;Zuo et al 2007).…”

Identification of Lens culinaris defense genes responsive to the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum truncatum

“…Seventy-seven unigenes (11%) were predicted to encode stress and resistance-related proteins, such as catalase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, hypersensitive induced reaction protein 1, wound-induced genes, and others. In a compatible interaction between Arabidopsis thaliana accession DiG and the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria brassicicola , the causal agent of black spot disease of crucifers, Mukherjee et al [7] identified differentially expressed genes by suppression subtraction hybridization. Among them were pathogenesis-related ( PR ) and monooxygenase genes.…”