A compartmentalised model for the estimation of the cost of coccidiosis to the world's chicken production industry

Williams, R. B.

doi:10.1016/s0020-7519(99)00086-7

Cited by 367 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the United Kingdom, to which South Africa compares favourably in terms of production capacity and systems, the total cost of coccidiosis in chickens was estimated at US $77 million in 1995 and resulted from a combination of in-food medication costs, veterinary costs and production losses (Williams, 1999). At present South African commercial poultry farmers spend approximately US $0.02 per bird (US $12.5 million annually) on the use of in-feed prophylactic anticoccidials in order to limit mortalities and enhance broiler growth and production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

Naidoo

McGaw

Bisschop

et al. 2008

Veterinary Parasitology

150

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Coccidiosis remains one of the most important diseases in the poultry industry and results in the annual loss of millions of US dollars by the poultry industry. In South Africa and other developing countries where a large percentage of the population is unemployed, cheap food production is necessary. If the control of the coccidian parasite could be made more economical, these savings could be passed on to the consumer. In Europe, where the economics are different, people are becoming more aware of the potential dangers of using antimicrobials in producing animal protein. A solution to both these problems could be the use of plant products that function by mechanisms other than those of chemotherapeutics, with the additional advantage of a natural origin. Antioxidant compounds could hold promise for the control of Eimeria infections due to the association of coccidial infection with lipid peroxidation of the intestinal mucosa. Four plant extracts with antioxidant activity were screened for their anticoccidial activity in vivo with toltrazuril as the positive control. Combretum woodii (160 mg/kg) proved to be extremely toxic to the birds, while treatment with Tulbaghia violacea (35 mg/kg), Vitis vinifera (75 mg/kg) and Artemisia afra (150 mg/kg) resulted in feed conversion ratios similar to toltrazuril, and higher than the untreated control. T. violacea also significantly decreased the oocyst production in the birds. From this study we conclude that antioxidant-rich plant extracts have potential benefits in treating coccidial infections. The promising results obtained with T. violacea justify further studies on the potential value of the plant as a therapeutic or prophylactic anticoccidial agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

Naidoo

McGaw

Bisschop

et al. 2008

Veterinary Parasitology

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is estimated that 95.6-98.1% the economic losses in the commercial broiler industry are caused by coccidiosis (Williams, 1999;Bera et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Economic losses were estimated due to poor body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality for flocks investigated following the model developed by Williams (1999). For this purpose, we assumed some parameters presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The economic impact of infection with Eimeria spp. in broiler farms from Romania

et al. 2016

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-A survey was conducted on chicken broiler farms from Romania in August-November 2010 to evaluate economic losses due to coccidiosis. Data were collected from six broiler farms of different capacity regarding chemoprophylaxis program, weight gain, feed conversion, and mortality, for two previous flocks in two houses of each farm, and finally we evaluated the economic losses. Also, faeces samples were collected and oocysts were classified according to their size, and virulence of each Eimeria spp. field isolate was determined by lesion scoring. Correlations between economic performance, oocysts category, and virulence of Eimeria were assessed by multiple linear regression. Total economic losses per 24 flocks of 18,000 chicks each were about €37,948.2, with an average of €3,162.4 per flock, and they were caused by mortality (34.8%) and poor feed conversion (65.2%). Poor body weight gain was associated with AM oocyst category (presumptively E. acervulina and/or E. mitis), high lesion score in the duodenum, and coccidiostat used for chemoprophylaxis. Feed conversion ratio was linked to the same parameters as body weight gain, minus chemoprophylaxis programme, plus total lesion score. The percentage of mortality was influenced by the lesion score in the caecum and total lesion score. Statistical analysis showed that epidemiological survey of broiler flocks during the grower period can help the farmer to avoid important economic losses due to coccidiosis. As in other countries, the economic losses caused by coccidiosis in Romania are important, and a good prophylaxis programme can reduce the economic impact of coccidiosis.

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“…In a study conducted by Williams (1999), the estimated cost to the UK poultry industry as a result of reduced efficiency of production and expenditure on control was considered in excess of US$ 55.4 million. In contrast, Bennett and Ijpelaar (2005) estimated the cost to be between US$ 14.9 million and US$20.7 million.…”

Section: Applying the Framework To Coccidiosis In Broilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The global burden is thought to be in the order of US$ 0.36 billion to US$3 billion per year (Dalloul & Lillehoj, 2006). However, as highlighted by Williams (1999), it is difficult to achieve an accurate assessment of production losses attributable to coccidiosis, predominantly due to the variability in clinical effects of the Eimeria species involved and differences in husbandry practices between farms.…”

Section: Applying the Framework To Coccidiosis In Broilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a One Health approach to assess the impact of parasitic disease in livestock: how does it add value?

Rushton

Bruce

2016

Parasitology

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SUMMARYHuman population increases, with greater food demands, have resulted in a rapid evolution of livestock food systems, leading to changes in land and water use. The scale of global livestock systems mean that changes in animal health status, particularly in parasite levels, have impacts that go beyond farm and sector levels. To quantify the true impact of parasites in livestock, frameworks that look at both resources and services valued in markets and those that have no true market value are required. Mitigating the effects of parasitic disease in livestock will not only increase productivity, but also improve animal welfare and human health, whilst reducing the environmental burden of livestock production systems. To measure these potential benefits, a One Health approach is needed. The paper discusses the types of methods and the data collection tools needed for a more holistic perspective and provides a framework with its application to coccidiosis in poultry. To build a body of knowledge that allows the ranking of parasite diseases in a wider animal health setting, such One Health frameworks need to be applied more frequently and with rigour. The outcome will improve the allocation of resources to critical constraints on parasite management.

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A compartmentalised model for the estimation of the cost of coccidiosis to the world's chicken production industry

Cited by 367 publications

References 20 publications

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens

The economic impact of infection with Eimeria spp. in broiler farms from Romania

Using a One Health approach to assess the impact of parasitic disease in livestock: how does it add value?

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