A Comparison of Volunteer, BioRID P3 and Hybrid III Performance in Rear Impacts

Abstract

Rcptintr available directly from thc pvblirhcr Pholcwpying permitted by license only 0 2 M I OPA (Overseas Publirhcn Association) N.V. Publirhcd by liccnv under thc Cordon and Breach Scicncc hblishcrs imprint.The most important tool for testing seat-systems in rear impacts is a crash test dummy. However, investigators have noted limitations of the most commonly used dummy, the Hybrid Ill. The BioRlD I is a step closer to a biofidelic crash test dummy, but it is not user-friendly and the straightening of the thoracic spine kyphosis is smaller than that 2200f humans. To reduce these problems, a new BioRID prototype was developed, the P3. It has new neck muscle substitutes, a softer thoracic spine and a softer rubber torso than does the BioRlD 1.The BioRID P3 was compared with volunteer test data in a rigid and a standard seat without head restraints. The dummy kinematic performance, pressure distribution between subject and seatback, neck loads and accelerations were compared with those of ten volunteers and a Hybrid 111. The BioRlD P3 provided repeatable test results and its response was very similar to that of the average volunteer in rear impacts at AV= 9 kmh.

Energy-Absorbing Car Seat Designs for Reducing Whiplash

“…Using the same driving posture as in the JARI volunteer sled tests (Davidsson et al, 1999) and the rigid seat model, several antiwhiplash car seat design concepts have been considered. The rigid seatback without a head restraint and seatbelt can be regarded as one of the worst systems for rear impact.…”

“…In Figures 2 to 5, the model responses are shown together with the responses of the JARI volunteers (grey lines) and the responses of Hybrid III and BioRID P3 dummies and TNO model that had been subjected to the same impact con-ditions. BioRID P3 and HIII (Hybrid III) responses are given by Davidsson et al (1999). TNO responses indicate the behavior of the human body model of TNO Automotive combined with the detailed head-and-neck model developed by van der Horst (2002).…”

“…The human body model has been developed by using MSC Vi-sualNastran 4D with Matlab-Simulink, and validated using the responses of 7 volunteers from the JARI (Japanese Automobile Research Institute) sled tests (Himmetoglu, 2008), which were performed at an impact speed of 8 kph with a rigid seat and without head restraint and seatbelt (Davidsson et al, 1999). The human body model as shown in Figure 1 is composed of rigid bodies connected by rotational springs and dampers.…”

Rear-impact neck protection devices for adult wheelchair users

“…However, because the goal was to establish the influence of a head restraint, confounding effects due to wheelchair cushioning and structural deformation were avoided through the use of a rigid wheelchair. Previous researchers took a similar approach for the validation of the BioRID-II [33] and the static evaluation of wheelchair head restraints similarly [20].…”

“…However, the rigid wheelchair was used, since this allowed one to clearly evaluate the influence of a head restraint, irrespective of seat-back crash performance. As mentioned in the "Methods" section, we used a similar approach as Davidsson et al [33] in validation of the BioRID-II and static evaluation of wheelchair head restraints [20]. Nonetheless, wheelchair seat-back crashworthiness and padding materials need to be addressed separately in future research.…”