A Comparison of Two Techniques for Determining the Presence of a Pulse in an Infant

Whitelaw, Christine Cappelle

doi:10.1097/00006565-199608000-00030

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Central and peripheral pulses are often difficult to feel in infants and should not be relied on independently if they are absent. 31,32 Heart rate should be consistently Ͼ100 bpm in an uncompromised newly born infant. An increasing or decreasing heart rate also can provide evidence of improvement or deterioration.…”

Section: Heart Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

ILCOR Advisory Statement: Resuscitation of the Newly Born Infant

et al. 1999

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Section: Heart Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

ILCOR Advisory Statement: Resuscitation of the Newly Born Infant

et al. 1999

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“…23 Heart Rate Heart rate is determined by listening to the precordium with a stethoscope or feeling pulsations at the base of the umbilical cord. Central and peripheral pulses in the neck and extremities are often difficult to feel in infants, 24,25 but the umbilical pulse is readily accessible in the newly born and permits assessment of heart rate without interruption of ventilation for auscultation. If pulsations cannot be felt at the base of the cord, auscultation of the precordium should be performed.…”

Section: Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 11: Neonatal Resuscitation

2000

Circulation

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“…191,[193][194][195][196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205] Previous guidelines de-emphasized the pulse check for infant-child CPR for 2 reasons. First, 3 small studies suggested that parents had difficulty finding and counting the pulse even in healthy infants.…”

Section: Assessment: No Pulse Check For Lay Rescuersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, 3 small studies suggested that parents had difficulty finding and counting the pulse even in healthy infants. 192,203,206 Second, the reported complication rate from chest compressions in infants and children is low. [207][208][209][210][211][212][213][214] After publication of the 1992 ECC Guidelines, additional investigators evaluated the reliability of the pulse check with adult manikin simulation 198 in unconscious adult patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass, 202 unconscious mechanically ventilated adult patients, 199 and conscious adult "test persons."…”

Section: Assessment: No Pulse Check For Lay Rescuersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…216 Three studies have documented the inability of lay rescuers to find and count a pulse in healthy infants. 192,203,206 Healthcare providers may also have difficulty reliably separating venous from arterial pulsation during CPR. 217 On a review of this and other data, the experts and delegates at the 1999 Evidence Evaluation Conference and the International Guidelines 2000 Conference concluded that the pulse check could not be recommended as a tool for lay rescuers to use in the CPR sequence to identify victims of cardiac arrest.…”

Section: Part 9: Pediatric Basic Life Support I-269mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Part 9: Pediatric Basic Life Support

2000

Circulation

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• The extremely complex skills sequence for lay rescuer relief of foreign-body airway obstruction (FBAO) in the unconscious victim has been simplified. The sequence for healthcare provider relief of FBAO in the unconscious victim remains unchanged (Class IIb). IntroductionPediatric BLS refers to the provision of CPR, with no devices or with bag-mask ventilation or barrier devices, until advanced life support (ALS) can be provided. The population addressed in this chapter includes infants from birth to 1 year of age and children from 1 to 8 years of age. CPR and life support in the pediatric age group should be part of a community-wide Chain of Survival that links the child to the best hope of survival following emergencies. The Chain of Survival integrates education in prevention of cardiopulmonary arrest, BLS, early access to EMS systems prepared for children's needs, early and effective pediatric Sudden cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is much less common than sudden cardiac arrest in adults. 4 In contrast to cardiac arrest in adults, cardiac arrest in infants and children is rarely a sudden event, and non-cardiac causes predominate. 4 The etiology of cardiac arrest in infants and children varies by age, setting, and the underlying health of the child. For these reasons, the sequence of CPR for infants and children requires a different approach from that used for adult victims.Cardiac arrest in the under-21-year-old age group occurs most commonly at either end of the age spectrum: under 1 year of age and during the teenage years. In the newly born infant, respiratory failure is the most common cause of cardiopulmonary deterioration and arrest. During infancy the most common causes of arrest include sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory diseases, airway obstruction (including foreign-body aspiration), submersion, sepsis, and neurological disease. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Beyond 1 year of age, injuries are the leading cause of death. [12][13][14] Cardiac arrest in children typically represents the terminal event of progressive shock or respiratory failure. Either shock or respiratory failure may include a compensated state from which children can rapidly deteriorate to a decompensated condition with progression to respiratory or cardiac arrest. Therefore, rescuers must detect and promptly treat early signs of respiratory and circulatory failure to prevent cardiac arrest. In children, early effective bystander CPR has been associated with successful return of spontaneous circulation and neurologically intact survival. 15,16 BLS courses should be offered to target populations such as expectant parents, child care providers, teachers, sports supervisors, and others who regularly care for children. Parents and child care providers of children with underlying conditions that predispose them to cardiopulmonary failure should be particularly targeted for these courses.These guidelines are based on a review and analysis of clinical and experimental evidence. 17 Because this evidence varies widely...

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A Comparison of Two Techniques for Determining the Presence of a Pulse in an Infant

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

ILCOR Advisory Statement: Resuscitation of the Newly Born Infant

ILCOR Advisory Statement: Resuscitation of the Newly Born Infant

Part 11: Neonatal Resuscitation

Part 9: Pediatric Basic Life Support

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