A Comparison of the Silvofishery Models for Mangrove Restoration in East Kalimantan

Abstract

East Kalimantan is one of nine provinces selected for mangrove rehabilitation until 2024. Despite disappointing, it needs to be confirmed that the mangrove ecosystem in East Kalimantan has shrunk from year to year. However, it is encouraging to know that there is still a hope for mangrove ecosystem rehabilitation. Mangrove rehabilitation is expected to have an impact not only on the environment, but also on economy, social aspect, and wisdom of the coastal communities in East Kalimantan. Ponds are designated for more than 70% of the Mahakam Delta's mangrove. Although traditional management is still in the progress of development, the community still uses extensification to increase shrimp production. Local community has developed two pond models, namely environmentally-friendly ponds in Muara Badak Subdistrict, trench pond model in Salo Palai village, and komplangan model in Muara Badak Ulu Village. This trial was carried out in 1 ha of pond area using a fish and shrimp polyculture system for four months. Traditional maintenance was performed without adding artificial feed, but fertilization and management were carried out to monitor water quality, growth, survival rate, and total production. Trench pond and komplangan models have good environmental condition, like total nutrient base on mangrove litter. Production from both ponds was excellent, exceeding 300 kg/Ha for all cultures or polyculture systems. Application of the silvofishery model with these two models was sufficient to restore the mangrove ecosystem. However, komplangan model have two functions, as a conservation area and shrimp pond in one place, while it is associated with aquaculture production and sustainability for mangrove forest.