A Comparison of the Neuropsychiatric Status of Female and Male Incarcerated Delinquents: Some Evidence of Sex and Race Bias

Lewis, Dorothy Otnow; Shanok, Shelley S.; Pincus, Jonathan H.

doi:10.1016/s0002-7138(09)60919-5

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Many researchers argue that female offenders have a greater need than male offenders for mental health services because female offenders have a higher prevalence of depression (Dembo, Williams, & Schmeidler, 1993;Elliott, Huizinga, & Menard, 1989;Lewis et al,1982) and often come from abusive situations (Chesney-Lind & Sheldon, 1992;Dembo et al, 1993;Lewis et al, 1982). In this case, need may justify a female offender's higher likelihood of placement in a mental health facililty than her male counterpart's likelihood of a similar placement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extant research, however, does provide some insight into who receives mental health services. Specifically, several studies that compared offenders placed in correctional schools to offenders placed in psychiatric settings found that female and White offenders were more likely to be placed in the psychiatric setting than male and Black offenders (Barnum, Famularo, Bunshaft, Fenton, & Bolduc, 1989;Cohen et al,1990;Lewis, Balla, & Shanok, 1979;Lewis, Shanok, & Pincus, 1982;Westendorp, Brink, Roberson, & Ortiz, 1986).…”

Section: Understanding the Use Of Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Use of Mental Health Placements by the Juvenile Justice System

Herz

2001

Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

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Philosophically, juvenile justice incorporates the need to assess offender needs and provide appropriate services to them.Yet the extent to which juvenile justice systems currently identify and service mental health needs is questionable. Furthermore, it is unclear whether certain types of offenders are more or less likely to receive services based on individual and case characteristics. In this study these issues were examined by using juvenile cases processed in an East Coast state between 1992 and 1994. Findings from this study show that mental health placements are used rarely relative to other court outcomes (i.e., dismissal, probation, or other types of placements), and gender and race significantly influence whether an offender receives this type of placement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Understanding the Use Of Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Use of Mental Health Placements by the Juvenile Justice System

Herz

2001

Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

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“…To do that analysis, I would have to create a typology of infractions and from there determine which youths did or did not receive the mental health excuse for the same infractions. For more on race and gender differences in terms of the mentally ill in justice settings, see Bridges and Steen (1998); Lewis (1980); Lewis, Balla, and Shanok (1979); Lewis, Shanok, and Pincus (1982); Rosenfield, Phillips, and White (2006); and Thomas, Stubbe, and Pearson (1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maybe He's Depressed: Mental Illness as a Mitigating Factor for Drug Offender Accountability

Paik¹

2009

Law soc. inq.

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Given the often perplexing relationship between mental illness and substance abuse among offenders, this article looks at how a juvenile drug court staff's presumptions of a youth's mental illness affect its decision‐making process. Based on thirteen months of ethnographic fieldwork at a Southern California juvenile drug court, this article uses Manzo and Travers's “law in action” approach to analyze how the staff readjusts its application of normal remedies (a concept developed by Robert Emerson) designed to respond to a youth's noncompliance when it suspects mental illness may be influencing the youth's actions. In doing so, it highlights how court staff's considerations of youth mental disorders arise out of its everyday work practices. Furthermore, the article discusses how staff negotiations around a youth's mental illness create tensions for the juvenile drug court's accountability‐based model of therapeutic jurisprudence, because assessments of mental illness tend to mitigate responsibility for a youth's behavior.

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“…Studies have found an association between service utilization and gender. Compared to males, females are more likely to receive referrals for treatment and are more likely to receive treatment (Lewis, Balla, & Shanok, 1980;Lewis, Shanok, & Pincus, 1982;Stewart, 2003;Thomas & Stubbe, 1996;Westendorp, Brink, Roberson, & Ortiz, 1986). Offenders who are younger and those who have committed repeat and serious acts are also more likely than are older youth, first time offenders, or those who committed less serious offenses to utilize mental health services (Barnum, Famularo, Bunshaft, Fenton, & Bolduc, 1989;Sorensen, 1978;Vander Stoep, Evens, & Taub, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Mental Health Service Enrollment Among Juvenile Offenders

Lopez-Williams¹,

Stoep²,

Kuo

et al. 2006

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

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The objective was to identify predictors of public mental health service enrollment among detained juvenile offenders. A representative sample of 228 juvenile detainees was interviewed with measures of psychological symptoms and impairment, associated risk factors, and demographic variables. Logistic regression analyses determined how the 110 youth enrolled in mental health services differed from the 118 youth not enrolled. Main effects were found for age, gender, and number of prior detention stays such that younger offenders, female offenders, and recidivists were more likely to have received mental health services. Mental health status, level of functioning, and frequency of substance use were not related to service enrollment. Race interacted with mental health symptoms and recidivism such that Caucasians with greater numbers of symptom elevations and prior detention stays were more likely to be enrolled in mental health services, whereas symptom elevations and recidivism were not related to service enrollment among African American offenders. Systematic assessment and referral procedures may be a necessary step toward improving the likelihood that mental health services are distributed to juvenile offenders on the basis of mental health need.

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A Comparison of the Neuropsychiatric Status of Female and Male Incarcerated Delinquents: Some Evidence of Sex and Race Bias

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Understanding the Use of Mental Health Placements by the Juvenile Justice System

Understanding the Use of Mental Health Placements by the Juvenile Justice System

Maybe He's Depressed: Mental Illness as a Mitigating Factor for Drug Offender Accountability

Predictors of Mental Health Service Enrollment Among Juvenile Offenders

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