A Comparison of the Mouth-to-Mouth and Mouth-to-Airway Methods of Artificial Respiration with the Chest-Pressure Arm-Lift Methods

Long-term Outcomes After In-Hospital CPR in Older Adults With Chronic Illness

“…1,12,13 However, data regarding outcomes after in-hospital CPR in patients with chronic illness, such as congestive heart failure (CHF), COPD, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cirrhosis, diabetes, and malignancy, are not clear. Most studies either were small or did not capture sufficient data on chronic illness.…”

Out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest: studies on aetiology, treatment and outcome

“…The benefits of ventilation during respiratory arrest were already demonstrated in the 1950's , Safar et al 1958). Elam and Safar showed the feasibility of direct mouth-to-mouth ventilation by a layperson on curarised patients and that exhaled air is a resuscitative gas.…”

“…Zoll reported the first successful defibrillation of human VF with external paddles in 1956 (Zoll et al 1956). Safar and Elam described mouth-to-mouth ventilation and effective airway techniques in 1958 , Safar et al 1958). Kouwenhoven rediscovered closed chest cardiac massage in 1960 (Kouwenhoven et al 1960).…”

Pre‐hospital cardiac arrest and induction of mild hypothermia: studies on epidemiology and feasibility

“…Prior to this, the methods of defibrillation, external chest compressions and resuscitative ventilation techniques had been described (Kouwenhoven et al 1960;Safar et al 1958;Zoll et al 1956). The first mobile intensive care unit in Belfast was physician staffed.…”

“…Resuscitative measures have been practiced throughout the history of mankind (Cooper et al 2006), but the components of modern CPR such as chest compressions, defibrillation and artificial ventilation were introduced in the late 1950's and early 1960's (Kouwenhoven et al 1960Safar et al 1958;Zoll et al 1956). Currently the process of resuscitation consists of a chain of interventions provided by laypersons and numerous medical professionals .…”