A comparison of the metabolic side-effects of the second-generation antipsychotic drugs risperidone and paliperidone in animal models

Boyda, Heidi N.; Procyshyn, Ric M.; Tse, Lurdes; Yuen, Jessica W Y; Honer, William G.; Barr, Alasdair M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246211

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…None of the groups in the high calorie diet group differed from each other. The normal diet group exhibited the typical pattern of glucose clearance observed in non-obese Sprague-Dawley rats [e.g., as observed in our laboratory ( 35 )], with mildly elevated glucose levels at 1 h after glucose challenge, and a return to baseline levels by 2 h.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Chronic Treatment With Psilocybin Decreases Changes in Body Weight in a Rodent Model of Obesity

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThere are currently relatively few effective pharmacological treatments for obesity, and existing ones may be associated with limiting side-effects. In the search for novel anti-obesity agents, drugs that modify central serotonergic systems have historically proven to be effective in promoting weight loss. Psilocin, which is rapidly metabolized from psilocybin, is an agonist at multiple serotonin receptors. In the present study we assessed the effects of psilocybin and a positive control (metformin) on changes in body weight in a rat model of obesity.MethodsFive groups of adult male rats were pre-conditioned with a cafeteria diet until obese (>600 g) and then treated with either psilocybin (0.1, 1, or 5 mg/kg, i.p.), metformin (300 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle control. Treatments were for 27 consecutive weekdays, and body weights and high calorie food intake were recorded daily. Fasting glucose levels were recorded after 11 days of treatment. At the end of treatment rats completed a glucose tolerance test, and multiple fat pads were dissected out to assess adiposity.ResultsThe medium dose psilocybin group had to be terminated from the study prematurely. Both the low and high dose psilocybin groups caused a significant decrease in changes in body weight compared to controls. The metformin group produced a greater decrease in change in body weight than either psilocybin groups or controls. Both high dose psilocybin and metformin decreased consumption of the high calorie diet, and exhibited decreased central adiposity.ConclusionPsilocybin demonstrated modest but significant effects on weight gain. Further study is recommended.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Chronic Treatment With Psilocybin Decreases Changes in Body Weight in a Rodent Model of Obesity

et al. 2022

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“…Regarding the drug's mechanisms of action, these agents are primarily D2 antagonists, whereas additional properties may include 5-HT2A antagonism and 5-HT1A agonism [12]. Though more effective compared to other atypical antipsychotics on average, olanzapine's side effects may be relatively more severe compared to those of other second-generation antipsychotics [13,14]. In our case, the patient experienced significant treatment adverse events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Use of Atypical Antipsychotics in Treating a Pediatric Psychiatric Patient

Jogie¹,

Parikh²,

Mathew³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Approaches to enhancing mental health management entail several perspectives and efforts to promote competent treatment. In light of this, we present a case report to describe the nature of events encountered during the management of a psychiatric patient. The paper commences by providing a general introduction and background of the concept of atypical antipsychotics before adding a thesis statement that healthcare providers should be knowledgeable regarding psychopharmacotherapy to effectively design and implement safe patient care. The paper's method involved the review of a case scenario and discussion of the concepts using evidence-based guidance and perspectives. In the case scenario, a pediatric patient significantly gains weight and develops extrapyramidal effects like dystonias, and erratic, jerky neck movements as a consequence of treatment with olanzapine. The most effective care plan involves stopping the medication, reviewing treatment options, and incorporating physical exercise. Most importantly, the plan encourages achieving an adequate heart rate above 100 beats per minute to maintain sufficient perfusion during exercise. The paper concludes by summarizing the perspectives from the studies reviewed.

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“…Boyda et al reported insulin resistance during paliperidone-induced hyperglycemia. 19) Furthermore, insulin resistance has been implicated in the regulation of AMPK. 20) These findings suggest that the single administration of paliperidone induced insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paliperidone-Induced Acute Hyperglycemia Is Caused by Adrenaline Secretion <i>via</i> the Activation of Hypothalamic AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

Xue

Ishiwata

Kawano

et al. 2022

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Although paliperidone-related hyperglycemia has been extensively examined, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. We investigated the effects of a single intravenous injection of paliperidone (0.2, 0.4, or 0.6 mg/kg) on serum concentrations of glucose and other endogenous metabolites in rats. We also examined the effects of a single intravenous injection of paliperidone (0.4 mg/kg) on AMPactivated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in the hypothalamus and liver. To clarify the relationship between AMPK activity and adrenaline secretion, the effects of berberine, which inhibits hypothalamic AMPK, on paliperidone-induced hyperglycemia were assessed. Significant increases were observed in serum glucose, adrenaline, and insulin concentrations following intravenous injections of paliperidone at doses of 0.4 and 0.6 mg/kg. A propranolol pretreatment attenuated paliperidone-induced increases in serum concentrations of glucose, but not adrenaline. Significant increases were also noted in phosphorylated AMPK concentrations in the hypothalamus following the administration of paliperidone at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg. A berberine pretreatment attenuated paliperidone-induced increases in blood concentrations of glucose, adrenaline, and insulin and phosphorylated AMPK concentrations in the hypothalamus. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that an acute treatment with paliperidone induced hyperglycemia, which was associated with the effects of hypothalamic AMPK activation on the secretion of adrenaline.

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A comparison of the metabolic side-effects of the second-generation antipsychotic drugs risperidone and paliperidone in animal models

Cited by 9 publications

References 95 publications

Chronic Treatment With Psilocybin Decreases Changes in Body Weight in a Rodent Model of Obesity

Chronic Treatment With Psilocybin Decreases Changes in Body Weight in a Rodent Model of Obesity

The Use of Atypical Antipsychotics in Treating a Pediatric Psychiatric Patient

Paliperidone-Induced Acute Hyperglycemia Is Caused by Adrenaline Secretion <i>via</i> the Activation of Hypothalamic AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

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