A comparison of the insulin-sensitive transport of chromium in healthy and model diabetic rats

Clodfelder, Buffie J.; Upchurch, Robert G.; Vincent, John B.

doi:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2004.01.003

Cited by 60 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…The concentration of Cr in the gastrocnemius muscle was elevated in our diabetic mice. Clodfelder et al (21) also reported that diabetic rats accumulate more Cr from Cr-transferrin in the muscle than healthy rats, while in another study by the same group, the muscle of the diabetic rats was found to contain 7-fold more Cr after 2 h than the tissue in healthy rats (19). While diabetes affected Cr absorption, greatly complicating any comparisons, the results are consistent with those of the current study in that chromium transport in STZtreated rats was confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Mita

Ishihara

Ishiguro

et al. 2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Chromium (Cr) is an essential trace element and is important for normal carbohydrate metabolism, and its deficiency in animals can cause a diabetic-like state. Human and experimental animal studies suggest that urinary Cr excretion is increased in diabetic populations. To investigate whether hyperglycemia-induced elevation of urinary Cr excretion reduces tissue Cr storage conditions, we assessed total Cr balance and Cr distribution in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Male C57BL mice were randomly assigned to STZ or control groups and their urine was collected 7, 14, 21 and 28 d after STZ injection. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry instrument equipped with a dynamic reaction cell was used for determination of Cr in urine, plasma and tissues samples. The urinary excretions of Cr were 15.4 Ϯ 3.0 and 356 Ϯ 62 ng/d, and the renal Cr concentrations were 0.85 Ϯ 0.12 and 0.17 Ϯ 0.03 ng/mg for the control and diabetes groups, respectively ( p Ͻ 0.01), after 28 d. The Cr balance in STZ-treated mice was distinctly negative due to the increase in urinary Cr loss ( p Ͻ 0.01). These results suggest that in mice, STZ induces a reduction in renal Cr concentration and total negative Cr balance caused by an increase in urinary Cr output.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…High levels of urinary Cr have previously been reported in diabetic humans (17,18), type 2 diabetic mice (3) and alloxan or STZ-diabetic rats (19)(20)(21). Anderson et al (17,18) have also observed that diabetic subjects excrete significantly more chromium in urine than normal subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Mita

Ishihara

Ishiguro

et al. 2008

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Insulin supplementation is not required for maintaining animals with STZ-induced diabetes. Chromium, whose mechanism of insulin enhancement is better understood than that of V, does not work in alleviating the symptoms of diabetes in the STZ diabetic rat model, but it is effective in the Zucker Fatty rat type 2 diabetic model (13). The fact that V is effective in alleviating diabetic symptoms in the STZ type 1 model of diabetes implies that V must have both insulin-dependent and insulin-independent mechanisms.…”

Section: Implications Of the Effects Of Vs Treatment On Rats With Stzmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific lowering of diabetic hyperglycemia has been obtained by treatment with chromium (1,13), tungsten (17), molybdenum (36,50), and vanadium (V) compounds, with the later the most extensively studied. Although V was first used to treat diabetic patients in 1899 (33), the detailed mechanism of its antidiabetic action remains unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diabetes-altered gene expression in rat skeletal muscle corrected by oral administration of vanadyl sulfate

Willsky

Chi

Liang

et al. 2006

Physiological Genomics

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with vanadium, a representative of a class of antidiabetic compounds, alleviates diabetic hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Oral administration of vanadium compounds in animal models and humans does not cause clinical symptoms of hypoglycemia, a common problem for diabetic patients with insulin treatment. Gene expression, using Affymetrix arrays, was examined in muscle from streptozotocin-induced diabetic and normal rats in the presence or absence of oral vanadyl sulfate treatment. This treatment affected normal rats differently from diabetic rats, as demonstrated by two-way ANOVA of the full array data. Diabetes altered the expression of 133 genes, and the expression of 30% of these genes dysregulated in diabetes was normalized by vanadyl sulfate treatment. For those genes, the ratio of expression in normal animals to the expression in diabetic animals showed a strong negative correlation with the ratio of expression in diabetic animals to the expression in diabetic animals treated with vanadyl sulfate (P ϭ Ϫ0.85). The genes identified belong to six major metabolic functional groups: lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, muscle structure, protein breakdown and biosynthesis, the complement system, and signal transduction. The identification of oxidative stress genes, coupled with the known oxidative chemistry of vanadium, implicates reactive oxygen species in the action of this class of compounds. These results imply that early transition metals or compounds formed from their chemical interactions with other metabolites may act as general transcription modulators, a role not usually associated with this class of compounds. vanadium; microarray; streptozotocin EARLY TRANSITION METALS and their complexes represent a unique class of antidiabetic agents. Specific lowering of diabetic hyperglycemia has been obtained by treatment with chromium (1, 13), tungsten (17), molybdenum (36, 50), and vanadium (V) compounds, with the later the most extensively studied. Although V was first used to treat diabetic patients in 1899 (33), the detailed mechanism of its antidiabetic action remains unclear. Inhibition of phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-1B is one mechanism by which V compounds may alleviate diabetic symptoms (16); however, alternative mechanisms could also be important contributors. Oral administration of V alleviates symptoms of diabetes in humans (9,14,15,23) and rodents (25, 35) without causing any clinical symptoms of hypoglycemia, although blood glucose levels are slightly lowered in normal animals by V treatment. This differential effect on normal (N) and diabetic (D) animals is seen with many other metabolic processes. For example, diabetic hyperlipidemia is significantly lowered by vanadyl sulfate (VS) treatment, whereas serum lipid levels in N animals are not substantially reduced by VS treatment (35). Given the importance of tight control of blood glucose levels in the diabetic patient, this class of compounds is a promising alternative for the treatment of diabetes.Various strategies are being explored to lo...

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“…Essentially no data exists on the forms of chromium(III) in food as a result of its very low concentration. 13 The fate of chromium(III) after it enters the bloodstream is better elucidated. The iron-transport protein transferrin (OTf) is likely to serve as the major chromium transport agent in blood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Kinetic Study on the Chromium(III) Complex [Cr(ASA)(en)₂]Cl·2H₂O

Liu¹,

Yang²

2007

Chin. J. Chem.

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In order to explore the transfer mechanism of chromium(III) in mammals, a novel complex [Cr(ASA)(en) 2 ]Cl• 2H 2 O, bis(ethylenediamine-κ 2 N,N')(4-aminosalicylic acid-κ 2 O,O') chromium(III) monochloride dihydrate was synthesized (4-aminosalicylic acid＝H 2 ASA, ethylenediamine＝en). The crystal structure belongs to orthorhombic system with the space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 by means of X-ray diffraction. The characteristic for transfer of Cr 3＋ from the compound to the low-molecular-mass chelator EDTA and the iron-binding protein apoovotransferrin (apoOTf) was followed by UV-visible (UV-Vis) and fluorescence spectra in 0.01 mol•L -1 Hepes at pH 7.4. The second order rate constants were calculated. Those spectra in conjunction were used to obtain more accurate information about the interaction of chromium complex with apoOTf. The experimental results indicate that Cr 3＋ can be transferred from the complex to apoOTf with the retention of the 4-aminosalicylic acid acting as a synergistic anion.

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A comparison of the insulin-sensitive transport of chromium in healthy and model diabetic rats

Cited by 60 publications

References 48 publications

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Diabetes-altered gene expression in rat skeletal muscle corrected by oral administration of vanadyl sulfate

Synthesis and Kinetic Study on the Chromium(III) Complex [Cr(ASA)(en)₂]Cl·2H₂O

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A comparison of the insulin-sensitive transport of chromium in healthy and model diabetic rats

Cited by 60 publications

References 48 publications

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Elevated Urinary Cr Loss Induces a Reduction in Renal Cr Concentration and the Negative Cr Balance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Diabetes-altered gene expression in rat skeletal muscle corrected by oral administration of vanadyl sulfate

Synthesis and Kinetic Study on the Chromium(III) Complex [Cr(ASA)(en)2]Cl·2H2O

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Synthesis and Kinetic Study on the Chromium(III) Complex [Cr(ASA)(en)₂]Cl·2H₂O