A comparison of the effects of thymoquinone, silymarin and N-acetylcysteine in an experimental hepatotoxicity

Demirören, Kaan; Basunlu, Mehmet Turan; Erten, Remzi; Çokluk, Erdem

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.125

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This study involved two separate arms: mechanistic and survival studies. For the mechanistic study, 18 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6): shamoperated, septic non-treated group (CLP; received equivalent volumes of saline), and septic group treated with silymarin (100 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h after the induction of sepsis) [26]. Rats in this design were killed 24 hours after induction of sepsis.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silymarin protects against sepsis-induced acute liver and kidney injury via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in the rat

Al-Kadi

Ahmed

El‐Tahawy

et al. 2020

Journal of advanced Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Sepsis is a leading cause of death among intensive care patients. During sepsis, exaggerated reaction to infection leads to massive production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators, which eventually leads to multiple organ damage. Silymarin is a well-known antioxidant and cytoprotective agent, which showed protective effects in different models of disease. Thus, we hypothesized that silymarin would be protective against sepsis-induced liver and kidney injury. Sepsis was induced in rats by the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) method. Rats were divided into sham, CLP-non-treated and CLP treated with silymarin (100 mg/kg, i.p. 1 h following CLP). After 24 h, rats were euthanized for blood and tissue samples, which were used for assessment of MDA, NO, GSH, IL-6 and TNF-α levels and SOD activity, in addition to renal and hepatic function parameters. Survival study was conducted using another set of animals following the same previously mentioned procedure. Silymarin showed protective effects evidenced by enhanced overall survival following sepsis (80% in silymarin-treated vs. 20% in septic group), in addition to improvement of hepatic and renal function parameters and reduction of MDA, NO, IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Moreover, silymarin supported the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms via elevation of GSH levels and reinforcement of SOD activity. In conclusion, silymarin protects against sepsis-induced hepatic and renal injury, possibly via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silymarin protects against sepsis-induced acute liver and kidney injury via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in the rat

Al-Kadi

Ahmed

El‐Tahawy

et al. 2020

Journal of advanced Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Thymoquinone (TQ) is an active compound of Nigella sativa seeds with diverse biological activities such as antioxidant, antitoxic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities (Figure 1) [11][12][13][14][15]. TQ showed a positive elevation in liver glutathione levels and enhancement of total oxidant status of blood in a rat model with carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity [16]. Also, TQ protects cardiac muscles against diabetic oxidative stress by upregulation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which improved the antioxidant potential of the cardiac muscles and alleviated the inflammatory process [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoquinone and Curcumin Defeat Aging-Associated Oxidative Alterations Induced by D-Galactose in Rats’ Brain and Heart

El‐Far

Elewa

Abdelfattah

et al. 2021

IJMS

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D-galactose (D-gal) administration causes oxidative disorder and is widely utilized in aging animal models. Therefore, we subcutaneously injected D-gal at 200 mg/kg BW dose to assess the potential preventive effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and curcumin (Cur) against the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal. Other than the control, vehicle, and D-gal groups, the TQ and Cur treated groups were orally supplemented at 20 mg/kg BW of each alone or combined. TQ and Cur effectively suppressed the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal in brain and heart tissues. The TQ and Cur combination significantly decreased the elevated necrosis in the brain and heart by D-gal. It significantly reduced brain caspase 3, calbindin, and calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1), heart caspase 3, and BCL2. Expression of mRNA of the brain and heart TP53, p21, Bax, and CASP-3 were significantly downregulated in the TQ and Cur combination group along with upregulation of BCL2 in comparison with the D-gal group. Data suggested that the TQ and Cur combination is a promising approach in aging prevention.

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“…TQ exerts antioxidant-like effects 20. Similar to the effects of TQ, hyperglycemia was attenuated in diabetic rats that received NAC or ascorbic acid (Figure 4A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The TQ treatment course in each group lasted 4 weeks 20. The rats in group III received the ICV injection of Ex 9–39 to block GLP-1 receptors in the brain21 30 mins before TQ administration during the final week of treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>GLP-1 mediates the modulating effect of thymoquinone on feeding behaviors in diabetic rats</p>

Lee

Kuo

2019

DMSO

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Background: Thymoquinone (TQ) is a safe nutrient isolated from the seeds or volatile oil extract of Nigella sativa . In addition to its benefits in glucose regulation, TQ improves feeding disorders in diabetic animals. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs improve glycemic control and ameliorate obesity or hyperphagia. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of GLP-1 in TQ-induced anorexia. Method: Type 2 diabetes was induced in rats by nicotinamide and streptozotocin injection. TQ was orally administered to diabetic rats at different doses for 45 days. Following TQ treatment, changes in serum glucose levels, GLP-1 concentration, body weight, food intake, and water intake were determined. To further explore the interaction between GLP-1 and TQ, the inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4, sitagliptin and the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin 9–39 (Ex 9–39) were separately administered to TQ- or vehicle-treated diabetic rats. Results: TQ treatment attenuated hyperglycemia and reduced hyperphagy and water intake in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, TQ treatment elevated plasma GLP-1 levels compared to those in control rats. The effects of TQ were enhanced by treatment with sitagliptin and reduced by the injection of Ex 9–39 into the brain. In contrast, similar treatment with another antioxidant (either ascorbic acid or N-acetylcysteine) produced the same anorexic effect as TQ without changing the plasma GLP-1 levels in diabetic rats. Therefore, TQ attenuated hyperphagy while increasing plasma GLP-1 levels and had antioxidant-like effects. Conclusion: TQ increased endogenous GLP-1 levels to reduce hyperphagy in diabetic rats.

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A comparison of the effects of thymoquinone, silymarin and N-acetylcysteine in an experimental hepatotoxicity

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

Silymarin protects against sepsis-induced acute liver and kidney injury via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in the rat

Silymarin protects against sepsis-induced acute liver and kidney injury via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms in the rat

Thymoquinone and Curcumin Defeat Aging-Associated Oxidative Alterations Induced by D-Galactose in Rats’ Brain and Heart

<p>GLP-1 mediates the modulating effect of thymoquinone on feeding behaviors in diabetic rats</p>

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