A comparison of the effects of sudden gains and depression spikes on short- and long-term depressive symptoms in a randomized controlled trial of behavioral activation and cognitive behavioural therapy.

O’Mahen, Heather; Hayes, Adele M.; Harries, Claire; Ladwa, Asha; Mostazir, Mohammod; Ekers, David; McMillan, Dean; Richards, David; Wright, Kim

doi:10.1037/ccp0000577

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Together with the temporal pattern and newer findings (see Lemmens et al, 2021;O'Mahen et al, 2021), this contradicts the assumption of sudden gains being merely a form of random fluctuations and suggests that they mark important and meaningful points in the change process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In sum, these findings show that guilt, shame and disgust might be involved in the occurrence of sudden gains, or in sustainment of gains and/or in facilitating further improvement during treatment. Together with the temporal pattern and newer findings (see Lemmens et al, 2021; O'Mahen et al, 2021), this contradicts the assumption of sudden gains being merely a form of random fluctuations and suggests that they mark important and meaningful points in the change process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Intraindividual variability and emotional change as predictors of sudden gains in imagery rescripting and EMDR for PTSD in adult survivors of childhood abuse

Kuck

Arntz

Rameckers

et al. 2023

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Sudden gains, defined as large and stable improvements in symptom severity during psychological treatment, have consistently been found to be associated with better outcomes across treatments and diagnoses. Yet, insights on coherent predictors of sudden gains and on emotional changes around sudden gains in post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are lacking. We aimed at replicating a measure of intraindividual variability as a predictor for sudden gains and testing its independence from change during treatment. Furthermore, we expected changes in emotions of guilt, shame and disgust prior to sudden gains to predict sudden gains. Data from a pre‐registered randomized controlled trial (RCT) of eye‐movement desensitization and reprocessing (emdr) and Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) for PTSD in 155 adult survivors of childhood abuse were used. Intraindividual variability of PTSD symptoms in both treatments did not predict sudden gains status and was not independent of change during treatment. In the EMDR condition, levels of shame during treatment predicted sudden gains and shame decreased shortly before a sudden gain in both treatments. Reductions in all emotions during sudden gains were significantly higher for participants with sudden gains than for comparable intervals in non‐sudden gainers. Our findings do not support the predictive validity of intraindividual variability for sudden gains. The decrease of guilt, shame and disgust during sudden gains warrants further research on their role as a mechanism of treatment change for PTSD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Intraindividual variability and emotional change as predictors of sudden gains in imagery rescripting and EMDR for PTSD in adult survivors of childhood abuse

Kuck

Arntz

Rameckers

et al. 2023

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By comparison, CBT psychologists, with their focus on observable and measurable behavior, are generally better aligned with DSM assumptions. They regularly use the manual’s diagnoses when researching CBT interventions (e.g., Cheng et al, 2019; Hancock et al, 2018; O’Mahen et al, 2021; Wood et al, 2015); thus, they view DSM positively and see each new version as making incremental improvements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychologist attitudes toward DSM-5 and its alternatives.

Raskin¹,

Maynard²,

Gayle³

2022

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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A survey of psychologists’ attitudes toward the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–5 (DSM-5), and its alternatives was conducted. Almost 90% of psychologists reported regularly consulting DSM-5, despite dissatisfaction with it. However, opinions varied by theoretical orientation. Cognitive-behavioral psychologists held positive attitudes about DSM, whereas psychodynamic and humanistic/constructivist/systems psychologists were negatively inclined toward it. Integrative/eclectic psychologists were in between. Diagnostic codes and identifying pathology were seen as DSM-5’s biggest advantages, and the medicalization of psychosocial problems and obscuring individual differences as its biggest disadvantages. Psychologists supported developing alternatives to DSM-5, but when asked about six alternatives—International Classification of Diseases (ICD), Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual–2 (PDM), Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD), Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), and Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF)—they were generally unfamiliar with them except for ICD. Although not wishing to abandon the medical model, psychologists (except for cognitive-behaviorists) said DSM-5 relies too much on medical semantics and questioned whether mental disorders should be considered a subset of medical disorders. Overall, psychologists use DSM for practical reasons (diagnostic categories and codes) more than scientific ones (validity and reliability). This finding affirms something remarkable: Despite ongoing attention to revising and improving DSM over the past four decades, psychologists remain lukewarm toward it and strongly interested in alternatives. However, until alternatives are better known and provide the necessary practical advantages, psychologists will likely continue to use DSM despite their mixed feelings about it.

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Immediate modulatory effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on the resting state of major depressive disorder

Sun

Guo

et al. 2023

Journal of Affective Disorders

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A comparison of the effects of sudden gains and depression spikes on short- and long-term depressive symptoms in a randomized controlled trial of behavioral activation and cognitive behavioural therapy.

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Intraindividual variability and emotional change as predictors of sudden gains in imagery rescripting and EMDR for PTSD in adult survivors of childhood abuse

Intraindividual variability and emotional change as predictors of sudden gains in imagery rescripting and EMDR for PTSD in adult survivors of childhood abuse

Psychologist attitudes toward DSM-5 and its alternatives.

Immediate modulatory effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on the resting state of major depressive disorder

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