A Comparison of the Conditions in a Fire Resistance Furnace When Testing Combustible and Non-combustible Construction

Lange, David; Sjöström, Johan; Schmid, Joachim; Brandon, Daniël; Hidalgo, Juan P.

doi:10.1007/s10694-020-00946-6

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The web PT of beam A was hotter than the web PTs of beams B and C. The PTs facing down had no systematic variation between the different beams. These differences are a common feature in fire resistance testing where thermal exposure never is 100% uniform (Lange et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Resistance Testing of a Timber-Glass Composite Beam

Sjöström

Kozłowski

Honfí

et al. 2020

International Journal of Structural Glass and Advanced Material

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Glass structures have been increasingly utilised in modern construction for decades with load-bearing walls or facades as the most common elements. However, the use of glass beams has recently been given more attention but its application as load-bearing elements has been limited by the low tensile resistance, its brittle behaviour during failure and concerns of its performance in case of fire. Parts of these aspects can be covered by using Timber-Glass composites beams, with timber flanges and a glass web. Previous research and practical application show high potential for this type of composites in ambient temperatures but its performance in fire has not yet been assessed and thus not completely understood. This study describes what to our knowledge is the first full scale fire resistance tests of Timber-Glass composites beams. These tests results are also analysed using finite-element simulations in order to understand the mechanisms of failure during the tests. It was shown that adding a timber flange to a glass web can have severe complications for the fire resistance, however, there are many possible ways to circumvent these issues.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire Resistance Testing of a Timber-Glass Composite Beam

Sjöström

Kozłowski

Honfí

et al. 2020

International Journal of Structural Glass and Advanced Material

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“…One furnace experiment was conducted in the framework of a related study at Rise, Research Institutes of Sweden, Boras, where the results were already presented by Schmid et al [14]. and Lange et al [21].…”

Section: Experimental Setupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the temperature measurements with control plate thermometers (PTs) in the furnace compartment, further PTs close to the surface were installed to capture potential surface flaming. No differences from measurements with a non-combustible reference specimen were observed [21]. Sample gas was extracted from various positions in the furnace compartment, i.e.…”

Section: Full-scale Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Timber In Compartment Fires – The Timber Charring and Heat Storage Model

Schmid

Frangi

2021

Open Engineering

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The influence of exposed timber surfaces on compartment fires has been well documented in various studies in recent decades. Yet available design concepts still typically neglect the influence of an additional fire load from linear structural timber elements such as beams and columns. As rules for large shares of exposed timber surfaces, e.g. by panels, are rare, authorities and fire safety engineers demand often mock-up compartment fire experiments to estimate the fire safety of a particular design. Such experiments, however, are costly, time consuming, and give limited insights into the potential fire scenarios and may fail to represent properly the fundamental effects arising from exposed structural timber elements in a fire. An approach to overcome these existing limitations is presented, which is able to estimate the contributions from structural timber to a fire from its fully developed- and decay phase until burnout. The model input is developed from an experimental campaign where the relevant effects of fire exposed structural timber could be isolated and measured. It was found that the energy stored in the char layer is a key characteristic for describing the fire dynamics of compartment fires with exposed structural timber. Consequently, the proposed approach describes a framework for the Timber Charring and Heat storage, the TiCHS-model. The validation of the model is shown in this paper by means of existing compartment experiments. A current limitation is the bond line integrity of the fire exposed components as the combustion characteristics of failed char pieces on the floor are currently unknown.

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“…Zwei Brandprüfungen (Prüfkörpergröße ca. 15 m 2 ) wurden mit zu einer Platte zusammengefügten Betonelementen (IC) und einer Brettstapeldecke (BSD, C) durchgeführt . Beide Prüfungen dauerten 90 min und waren mit einer großen Anzahl von Temperatursensoren (Platten‐Thermometer (PT) und Mantelthermoelemente) sowie Sauerstoffmesssonden ausgestattet.…”

Section: Brandprüfungenunclassified

“… Temperaturverläufe gemessen durch die STP in den Brandprüfungen mit dem Betonelement (IC) und der Brettstapeldecke (C); Daten aus Temperature development measured by the control PT in the full‐scale furnaces of the tests with IC (concrete) and C (timber) slabs; data from …”

Section: Brandprüfungenunclassified

Brandeinwirkung auf Holzbauteile im Prüfofen und bei realen Bränden

et al. 2018

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Brandschutzexperten diskutieren derzeit die Gültigkeit von Brandprüfungen für Holzbauteile. Im Raum steht einerseits die allgemeine Aussage, dass brennbare Bauteile in Prüfungen einer von nicht brennbaren Bauteilen abweichenden thermischen Einwirkung ausgesetzt werden. Andererseits wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die sichere Verwendung von flächigen Holzbauteilen (Massivholzbauteile), z. B. Brettsperrholz, durch Normbrandprüfungen nicht geprüft werden kann, da diese Bauteile die Brandlast erhöhen und somit keine Aussagen im traditionellen Rahmenwerk des Feuerwiderstands getätigt werden können. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Übereinstimmungen und Unterschiede zwischen nicht brennbaren und brennbaren Bauteilen in Normbrandprüfungen auf. Es wird gezeigt, dass die thermische Einwirkung für nicht brennbare und brennbare Bauteile in Normbrandprüfungen gleichwertig ist, auch wenn es sich um – wie im Falle von Brettsperrholz – großflächige Bauteile handelt. Die durch brennbare Bauteile zusätzlich im Brandraum verbrennende Brandlast kann durch Normbrandprüfungen nicht direkt ermittelt werden. Hierfür müssen, falls notwendig, andere Methoden verwendet werden, die zum Teil erst in der Entwicklung stehen. Die durch brennbare raumbildende Tragstrukturen zusätzliche Brandlast führt nicht zu höheren Temperaturen im Brandraum, sondern zu einer veränderten Brandeinwirkung an der Fassade. Diesem Umstand wird im Moment in Bauordnungen durch verschiedene Regeln Rechnung getragen.

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A Comparison of the Conditions in a Fire Resistance Furnace When Testing Combustible and Non-combustible Construction

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Fire Resistance Testing of a Timber-Glass Composite Beam

Fire Resistance Testing of a Timber-Glass Composite Beam

Structural Timber In Compartment Fires – The Timber Charring and Heat Storage Model

Brandeinwirkung auf Holzbauteile im Prüfofen und bei realen Bränden

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