A comparison of the bremsstrahlung yields from 53keV electrons on gold targets produced by PENELOPE and experiment

Requena, Sebastian; Williams, Scott; Quarles, C.A.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2010.09.006

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The PENELOPE program allows users to specify incident particle type (electrons, positrons, or photons), incident particle energy, target material, and target-thickness. PENELOPE is capable of simulating both thin-target and TTB and the predictions of the code have been shown to be in good agreement with experimental results [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Angular distribution of thick-target bremsstrahlung produced by electrons with initial energies ranging from 10 to 20 keV incident on Ag

2011

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Experimental results are presented comparing the intensity of the bremsstrahlung produced by electrons with initial energies ranging from 10 to 20-keV incident on a thick Ag target, measured at forward angles in the range 0˚ to 55˚. When the data are corrected for attenuation due to photon absorption within the target, the results indicate that the detected radiation is distributed anisotropically only at photon energies, k, that are approximately equal to the initial energy of the incident electrons, E o . The results of our experiments suggest that as k /E o → 0, the detected radiation becomes essentially isotropic due primarily to the scattering of electrons within the target. A comparison to the theoretical work of Kissel et al. [6] suggests that the angular distribution of bremsstrahlung emitted by electrons incident on thick targets is similar to the angular distribution of bremsstrahlung emitted by electrons incident on free-atom targets only when k /E o ≈1. The experimental data are also in approximate agreement with the angular distribution predictions of the Monte Carlo program, PENELOPE.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Angular distribution of thick-target bremsstrahlung produced by electrons with initial energies ranging from 10 to 20 keV incident on Ag

2011

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“…Polarizational bremsstrahlung has been observed in the gas-target experiments of Portillo and Quarles [16], and more recently in the Xe cluster-target experiments of Gnatchenko et al [17]. As polarizational bremsstrahlung does not seem to contribute measurably to the radiation produced in solid-target experiments [4,13], no information about the subject can be gained from the data discussed in this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…They studied the resultant TTB at forward angles ranging from 0 • to 90 • . More recently, Requena et al compared the angular distribution of the TTB produced by 53-keV electrons incident on Au targets to the predictions of the Monte Carlo code PENELOPE, and found them to be in good agreement [4]. The intensity of the TTB was found to be greater at a forward angle of 135 • than at 90 • .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Angular dependence of bremsstrahlung produced by 17.5-keV electrons incident on thick Ag

2011

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The bremsstrahlung produced by 17.5-keV electrons incident on a 2415 µg/cm 2 Ag target has been measured at forward angles in the range 0 • to 55 • relative to the electron beam. The intensity of the thick-target bremsstrahlung produced is presented on an absolute scale at angles in this range, with corrections for detector efficiency, photon attenuation within the target itself, and other factors. After correction for photon attenuation within the target, the results indicate that bremsstrahlung is essentially isotropic. The experimental data are in approximate agreement with both the predictions of a modified version of the Kramers formula and the Monte Carlo program, PENELOPE.

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“…and , this discrepancy is not likely to be related to any error in measurements of the detectors' efficiencies. Previous reports have also mentioned that PENELOPE seems to overestimate probability densities at low energies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Recent experimental data suggest that polarizational bremsstrahlung (PB), radiation emitted by atomic electrons in a target as the Coulomb field of the incident charged particle polarizes the atom, may contribute to the total bremsstrahlung spectrum in experiments involving electrons incident on solid targets by as much as ~30% in the soft 5‐keV–30‐keV region of the spectrum . These reports are in disagreement with other reports which suggest that PB does not significantly contribute to the total bremsstrahlung spectrum in experiments involving solid targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Comparison of the bremsstrahlung absolute probability densities produced by experiment and PENELOPE for low‐energy (keV) electrons incident on solid silver

2015

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There has been some recent controversy concerning whether or not polarizational bremsstrahlung (sometimes referred to as 'atomic bremsstrahlung') contributes to the total bremsstrahlung spectrum in experiments involving electrons incident on solid targets. We have compared the bremsstrahlung absolute probability density predictions of the widely used Monte Carlo code, PENELOPE, to the results of experiments involving 17.5-keV and 20-keV electrons incident on a thick silver target. Comparisons of the results of our experiments to the predictions of the PENELOPE code, which is based on ordinary bremsstrahlung alone, suggest that there were no significant polarizational bremsstrahlung contributions to the total bremsstrahlung spectra in our experiments.

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A comparison of the bremsstrahlung yields from 53keV electrons on gold targets produced by PENELOPE and experiment

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Angular distribution of thick-target bremsstrahlung produced by electrons with initial energies ranging from 10 to 20 keV incident on Ag

Angular distribution of thick-target bremsstrahlung produced by electrons with initial energies ranging from 10 to 20 keV incident on Ag

Angular dependence of bremsstrahlung produced by 17.5-keV electrons incident on thick Ag

Comparison of the bremsstrahlung absolute probability densities produced by experiment and PENELOPE for low‐energy (keV) electrons incident on solid silver

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