A comparison of the accuracy of the smart sock system to force platform and optical system for measurement of temporal parameters of locomotion

Oks, Alexander; Katashev, Alexei; Bernāns, Edgars; Abolins, Valters

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/254/7/072017

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The dependence sof electrical resistance of the sensors from the applied pressure forces were recorded using complex of Zwick/Roell Z2.5 and Agilent 34970A with module 34901A. Dynamic tests were conducted on Type B and Type C sensors using INSTRON E1000 and a custom-made device for resistance monitoring [15]. Testing conditions during quasi-static and dynamic tests are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of knitted pressure sensors

Baribina

Oks

Baltiņa

et al. 2018

Engineering for Rural Development

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Abstract. Textile sensors have a wide range of applications in wearable monitoring systems due to their lightweight, elastic and flexible properties. The present paper is devoted to the comparative analysis of effects of pressure load on knitted pressure sensors of different shapes and their durability to washing. All the developed sensors are knitted using cotton yarns and copper coated acrylic yarns on a circular knitting machine. The sensor performance properties and durability have been tested experimentally. Each type of sensors was tested under quasi-static and dynamic loadings with various pressure forces. Relations between the applied pressure force and sensor sensitivity and responses were analysed. It was found that filled shape sensors are more sensitive to low pressures. Testing of the sensors under dynamic loads confirmed high repeatability of measurements and sensitivity even to small variations of the loading level. One of the most common problems of textile-based sensors that essentially restrict application of smart textiles is their care. Therefore, durability of the designed sensors to washing was been studied, as well. It was found that knit density affects sensor durability to washing. Sensors with a higher knit density showmore stable and uniform electrical resistance increase, whereas sensors with a lower knit density show unstable durability and higher variation in electrical resistance changes. Also, configuration of the sensors affects the electrical resistance changes due to washing.Keywords: knitted pressure sensor, performance, durability. IntroductionKnitting technology combined with electronics has wide application possibilities. Using knitting technology different sizes and shapes of conductive elements can be produced rapidly and costeffectively. Traditionally, e-textiles are made from conductive fibres, filaments, yarns and fabrics. Sometimes conductive coatings are used on raw materials to obtain conductivity. Their application and durability can be influenced by material suitability for manufacturing of smart textiles and wearing, and different environmental conditions. Thus, textile sensors reliability and sensitivity are one of the vital problems for successful e-textile functionality.Soukup and Hamacek used silver coated polyamide threads for embroidering were repeatedly tested by humidity sensors at different relative humidity levels and measured after 5-20 washing cycles. The results demonstrated very good resistance to washing and the sensors performed well during cyclic climatic test [1]. Textile based path ways have been tested after 10 washes in [2]. The electrical resistance values of all characteristic samples increased up to 2.5 times. It was concluded that the coarser the yarn, the greater the resistance increase in the silver-plated samples.Influence of coatings on the durability of textiles is being studied increasingly. New methods to make long-life textiles are being searched constantly. In Rehnby's [3] studies commercially available inherently conductive poly...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of knitted pressure sensors

Baribina

Oks

Baltiņa

et al. 2018

Engineering for Rural Development

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“…In sports applications, feet locomotion monitoring is used to prevent foot injury of athletes and for coaching. In ambient assisted living, motion analysis helps in training the monitoring systems to detect sudden falls and other risky events [1,2].…”

Section: General Considerations Concerning Gait Monitoring Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there are four types of devices for measuring plantar pressure and for gait analysis [1,2,14,15]:…”

Section: Classification Of Gait Monitoring Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The global accuracy obtained for the discrimination was approximately 98% [28]. A smart sock system, named the DAid ® Pressure Sock System (DPSS), was developed by the same research group [2], and the accuracy of the proposed system was compared with two other widely used methods (a force platform and an optical system) concerning the measurement of the temporal parameters of locomotion [1]. The developed system ( Figure 3) contains an array of piezoresistive pressure sensors, knitted together with electro-conductive lines, along with electronic devices for data acquisition and transmission from sensors to a computer or smartphone, where the data are processed [1].…”

Section: Smart Socks For Gait Monitoring and Partitioning Of Gait Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For validation, step time was considered, where step time represents the time difference between the moments when the two feet strike the ground, considering the same step. To compare with the OptoJump system, the authors in [1] used Bland-Altman plots. As seen in Table 3, the absolute mean difference between the step times corresponding to each system (smart sock proposed in [1], respectively OptoJump), for all types of locomotion, is sufficiently low to validate DAid ® .…”

Section: Smart Socks For Gait Monitoring and Partitioning Of Gait Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Smart Socks and In-Shoe Systems: State-of-the-Art for Two Popular Technologies for Foot Motion Analysis, Sports, and Medical Applications

Drăgulinescu

Zinca

Bucur

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The present paper reviews, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the most recent advances in research concerning two popular devices used for foot motion analysis and health monitoring: smart socks and in-shoe systems. The first one is representative of textile-based systems, whereas the second one is one of the most used pressure sensitive insole (PSI) systems that is used as an alternative to smart socks. The proposed methods are reviewed for smart sock use in special medical applications, for gait and foot pressure analysis. The Pedar system is also shown, together with studies of validation and repeatability for Pedar and other in-shoe systems. Then, the applications of Pedar are presented, mainly in medicine and sports. Our purpose was to offer the researchers in this field a useful means to overview and select relevant information. Moreover, our review can be a starting point for new, relevant research towards improving the design and functionality of the systems, as well as extending the research towards other areas of applications using sensors in smart textiles and in-shoe systems.

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