A Comparison of the Accuracy of VRS and Static GPS Measurement Results for Production of Topographic Map and Spatial Data: A Case Study on CORS-TR

Tuşat, Ekrem

doi:10.17559/tv-20160406110412

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Using the CORS-TR system, coordinate values can be generated with an accuracy of ±4 cm using a single fixed GNSS receiver within seconds, thanks to the network-RTK method [26]. In a previous CORS-TR-based study, according to [27], the maximum difference between static observation and measurements performed using the VRS method was obtained as −0.041 m in Easting, +0.048 m in Northing, and 0.088 m ellipsoid up value. Standard deviation for Easting, Northing, and ellipsoid up values were 0.019, 0.023, and 0.023 m, respectively.…”

Section: Cors-trmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy assessment of direct georeferencing UAV images with onboard global navigation satellite system and comparison of CORS/RTK surveying methods

Zeybek

2021

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Inexpensive and small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide high-accuracy positional data and enable users to collect high-resolution aerial images. The analysis of images captured using UAVs in a specific reference system is traditionally accomplished using the georeferencing method with high-accuracy ground control points (GCPs). This study aims to test and compare the benchmarks and point clouds’ positional accuracy produced on three consecutive days with different flight combinations at 75 and 100 m flight altitude by means of network-based continuously operating reference stations and differential-based real-time kinematic georeferencing systems without using GCPs. A root mean squared error values were obtained 1–3 cm for the horizontal accuracy and 4–6 cm for the vertical accuracy values. Thus, the proposed system proved an acceptable positional accuracy level. According to the results of the proposed approach, it can be said that the evaluation and use of UAV data without using GCPs is within an adequate range for various mapping purposes.

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Section: Cors-trmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy assessment of direct georeferencing UAV images with onboard global navigation satellite system and comparison of CORS/RTK surveying methods

Zeybek

2021

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…Various surveying and mapping tasks, including establishing control points for aerial 1240 (2023) 012005 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1240/1/012005 2 photography, fixing boundary marks for cadastral survey, and monitoring real-time deformation for a geodetic survey. [1] The range of prices from low-cost systems with positioning accuracy of tens of meters to high-cost geodetic survey systems capable of positioning to the sub-centimetre level. Various methods can be applied using this GNSS tool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of MyRTKnet Performance with Various Real-Time Corrections Based on Different Time

Al-Attas,

Latip,

Din

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Virtual Reference Station (VRS), Master-Auxiliary Corrections (MAX), Individualised Master-Auxiliary Corrections (IMAX), Nearest Base, and Network D-GNSS are among the Network Real-Time Kinematic (NRTK) techniques supported by the Malaysia Real-Time Kinematic GNSS Network (MyRTKnet) in providing network-based solutions to users. However, different network corrections have different limits due to different characters, thus offering a variety of position accuracy. Therefore, this study evaluated the accuracy of real-time corrections, VRS, MAX, IMAX, D-GNSS, and Nearest Base, for the coordinates at two different times, morning and evening. The study was conducted at two different times to make it easier for users to choose a suitable and quality time to conduct observations. This research was implemented on the pillars at the calibration site of Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah (POLISAS) in Kuantan, Pahang. The coordinates in the pillar become a benchmark to differentiate with real-time correction coordinates. The result of that difference can be used to analyse the level of accuracy for real-time corrections. The study’s findings show that the real-time correction accuracy of the VRS type is the most stable and has the highest accuracy. Nearest Base and MAX corrections also give relatively good accuracy and can be improved by increasing observation time and depending on the area. IMAX produces inconsistent results with relatively low accuracy, but some techniques can be applied to obtain good accuracy. D-GNSS type corrections give inconsistent results and low position accuracy as it utilises code measurement only. The research concludes that the best correction is VRS. The Nearest Base and MAX produce acceptable accuracy and can be safely chosen over IMAX and D-GNSS.

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“…The use of GNSS CORS network, also, allows applying differential corrections more reliable on wide areas, such as the Virtual Reference Station (VRS) approach [6], the Multi Reference Station (MRS) approach [7], the Flächen Korrektur Parameter (FKP) approach or other surface correction approaches [8,9]. Several authors [10][11][12] demonstrated that the NRTK technique allows reaching centimeter accuracy, comparable with the accuracy of the static measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NRTK, PPP or Static, That Is the Question. Testing Different Positioning Solutions for GNSS Survey

et al. 2021

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Worldwide, the determination of the coordinates from a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) survey (in Network Real Time Kinematic, Precise Point Positioning, or static mode) has been analysed in several scientific and technical applications. Many of those have been carried out to compare Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Network Real Time Kinematic (NRTK), and static modes’ solutions, usually, using the latter as the true or the most plausible solution. This approach is not always possible as the static mode solution depends on several parameters (baseline length, acquisition time, ionospheric, and tropospheric models, etc.) that must be considered to evaluate the accuracy of the method. This work aims to show the comparison among the GNSS survey methods mentioned above, using some benchmark points. The tests were carried out by comparing the survey methods in pairs to check their solutions congruence. The NRTK and the static solutions refer to a local GNSS CORS network’s analysis. The NRTK positioning has been obtained with different methods (VRS, FKP, NEA) and the PPP solution has been calculated with two different software (RTKLIB and CSRS-PPP). A statistical approach has been performed to check if the distribution frequencies of the coordinate’s residual belong to the normal distribution, for all pairs analysed. The results show that the hypothesis of a normal distribution is confirmed in most of the pairs and, specifically, the Static vs. NRTK pair seems to achieve the best congruence, while involving the PPP approach, pairs obtained with CSRS software achieve better congruence than those involving RTKLIB software.

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A Comparison of the Accuracy of VRS and Static GPS Measurement Results for Production of Topographic Map and Spatial Data: A Case Study on CORS-TR

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Accuracy assessment of direct georeferencing UAV images with onboard global navigation satellite system and comparison of CORS/RTK surveying methods

Accuracy assessment of direct georeferencing UAV images with onboard global navigation satellite system and comparison of CORS/RTK surveying methods

Comparison of MyRTKnet Performance with Various Real-Time Corrections Based on Different Time

NRTK, PPP or Static, That Is the Question. Testing Different Positioning Solutions for GNSS Survey

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