A comparison of serum and saliva paracetamol concentrations.

Smith, M.; Whitehead, Elizabeth; O’Sullivan, Geraldine; Reynolds, F.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb05580.x

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It is therefore necessary that salivary C 0.75 and C max overestimate those of plasma. 6,18 Because t max is not governed by the extent of absorption, t max is theoretically a more relevant measure of the rate of absorption than AUC 1.0 , C max , and C 0.75 . 3,19 Although t max suffers from the shortcoming that its accuracy is highly dependent on blood sampling frequency, 3 multiple collections of salivary samples ensure precise determination of t max .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of salivary acetaminophen concentration to assess gastric emptying rate of liquids

Sanaka

Kawakami

Nishinakagawa

et al. 2000

Journal of Gastroenterology

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The gastric emptying rate (GER) of liquids can be quantified by calculating the rate of acetaminophen absorption from serial plasma concentrations. As acetaminophen concentrations in saliva are well correlated with those in plasma, the salivary concentrations may be suitable for use in GER measurement. To evaluate such suitability, salivary and plasma samples were simultaneously obtained from seven healthy volunteers at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 h after they had ingested 20 mg/kg of acetaminophen mixed with a 200-ml liquid meal (200 kcal). Commonly used parameters for the rate of acetaminophen absorption were calculated from the salivary and plasma data, including the maximum concentration (Cmax), the time to Cmax (t(max)), the concentration at 0.75 h (C0.75), the area under the curve from 0 to 1.0 h (AUC1.0), and the AUC(0.5)/AUC(2.0) ratio. The mean (SD) salivary/plasma concentration ratio was 2.48 (1.47) at 0.25 h, and the means were almost unity afterwards. Significant correlations between saliva and plasma were found in all parameters studied (r = 0.77-0.90; P < 0.05). However, except for t(max), the salivary parameters overestimated those of plasma. The present results suggest that: (1) the salivary acetaminophen concentration at 0.25 h (C0.25) is a poor reflection of plasma C0.25 (2) thereby the parameters embodying salivary C0.25 such as AUC1.0 and the AUC0.5/AUC2.0 ratio, are unreliable, and (3) liquid GER can be assessed by salivary t(max) with minimal distress to the patient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of salivary acetaminophen concentration to assess gastric emptying rate of liquids

Sanaka

Kawakami

Nishinakagawa

et al. 2000

Journal of Gastroenterology

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“…One manual colorimetric assay with method similarities to the Roche paracetamol assay was previously used in a comparison study of 20 healthy adult volunteers administered therapeutic doses of paracetamol. 4 Correlation between saliva and serum paracetamol concentrations in patients in that study was r ¼ 0.67. However, samples were collected at 30 and 60 min postingestion; correlation within the first hour postingestion has been shown to be reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One manual colorimetric paracetamol assay however, has previously been studied with saliva samples. 4 The aims of this study are to evaluate the Roche Acetaminophen assay using saliva samples and compare plasma and saliva paracetamol concentrations in patients with paracetamol DSP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary paracetamol: evaluation of a colorimetric method in assessing deliberate self-poisoning

et al. 2009

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Background: In the laboratory evaluation of suspected paracetamol poisoning, a non-invasive sample type that avoids venepuncture would be an attractive alternative to plasma, particularly in the paediatric setting. Salivary paracetamol measurement has not previously been evaluated in the published medical literature in the setting of deliberate self-poisoning (DSP). Methods: In-house validation experiments (recovery, stability and lower limit-of-detection) were performed on pooled saliva samples using a Roche Acetaminophen assay on a Roche/Hitachi 917 analyser. A clinical study of comparison of paired saliva and plasma samples was also conducted involving adult patients presenting with DSP of paracetamol, the results of which were published previously. Results: The validation experiments using pooled saliva samples showed: (i) mean recovery ( paracetamol concentration 37.5-525 mg/L) 100.01% (+0.02 SD); (ii) precision of repeated assay over 24-h period CV ,4%; (iii) lower limit-of-detection 0.9 mg/L. The clinical study of 21 patients with mean plasma paracetamol concentration of 48 mg/L (range 0 -130) and mean saliva concentration 62 mg/L (range 0 -183) showed good correlation between saliva and plasma concentrations (r 2 ¼ 0.91).

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“…3 A series of studies have confirmed that paracetamol levels in saliva overestimate those in plasma during the absorption phase. 5,9 This results in a disagreement between salivary and plasma C max , because C max directly reflects the absolute values of paracetamol concentrations. 3 In contrast, salivary t max closely corresponds to plasma t max , 8 because t max is determined not from the absolute concentrations but from a relative change in serial concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gastric emptying of liquids is delayed by co-ingesting solids: a study using salivary paracetamol concentrations

Sanaka

Kawakami

Shimomura

et al. 2002

Journal of Gastroenterology

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A comparison of serum and saliva paracetamol concentrations.

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Use of salivary acetaminophen concentration to assess gastric emptying rate of liquids

Use of salivary acetaminophen concentration to assess gastric emptying rate of liquids

Salivary paracetamol: evaluation of a colorimetric method in assessing deliberate self-poisoning

Gastric emptying of liquids is delayed by co-ingesting solids: a study using salivary paracetamol concentrations

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