A comparison of self-report measures of nicotine dependence among male drug/alcohol-dependent cigarette smokers

Burling, Andrea Seidner; Burling, Thomas A.

doi:10.1080/1462220031000158708

Cited by 60 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The (problematic) use of other substances included 12-month alcohol use and alcohol-related problems measured with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT: [42]] and a measure of smoking and smoking-related problems in the past four weeks using the Heaviness of Smoking Index [HSI: [43]]. Finally, any 12-month use of ecstasy, cocaine or amphetamines was assessed using an ad hoc questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Year Course of Cannabis Dependence and Prediction of Persistence

et al. 2015

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Aims: To examine the course and the predictors of the persistence of cannabis dependence. Methods: Through cannabis outlets and chain referral, a prospective enriched community cohort of 207 young adults (aged 18-30) with DSM-IV cannabis dependence at baseline (T0) was formed and followed-up after 1.5 (T1) and 3 (T2) years. The presence of cannabis dependence, cannabis-related problems, functional impairment and treatment was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0) and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Predictors of persistence were lifetime cannabis abuse and dependence symptoms, cannabis use characteristics, distant vulnerability factors (e.g. childhood adversity, family history of psychological/substance use problems, impulsivity, mental disorders), and proximal stress factors (recent life events, social support). Results: Four groups were distinguished: persistent dependent (DDD: 28.0%), stable non-persistent (DNN: 40.6%), late non-persistent (DDN: 17.9%) and recurrent dependent (DND: 13.5%). At T2, persisters (DDD) reported significantly more (heavy) cannabis use and cannabis problems than non-persisters (DNN/DDN/DND). Treatment seeking for cannabis-related problems was rare, even among persisters (15.5%). The number (OR = 1.23 (1.03-1.48)) and type (‘role impairment' OR = 2.85 (1.11-7.31), ‘use despite problems' OR = 2.34 (1.15-4.76)) of lifetime cannabis abuse/dependence symptoms were the only independent predictors of persistence with a total explained variance of 8.8%. Conclusions: Persistence of cannabis dependence in the community is low, difficult to predict, and associated with a negative outcome. The substantial proportion of stable non-persisters suggests that screening and monitoring or low-threshold brief interventions may suffice for many non-treatment-seeking cannabis-dependent people. However, those with many lifetime abuse/dependence symptoms may benefit from more intensive interventions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Year Course of Cannabis Dependence and Prediction of Persistence

et al. 2015

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“…As a demonstration of predictive validity, we expect that higher scores of these measures would be associated inversely with cessation. The most widely used measure of cigarette dependence is the FTCD 30, 31, 32, 33, while the biochemical marker of expired carbon monoxide (CO) 34, 35 and urge to smoke 36, 37 are also used commonly to measure dependence. The Heaviness of Smoking Index HSI 38, composed of two items from the FTCD (time to first cigarette of the day and number of cigarettes usually smoked per day), has been shown to predict failure of quit attempts in non‐pregnant smokers in both population‐based 24, 37 and clinical studies 27, 31, 32, 39.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2016

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AimsTo examine the ability of different common measures of cigarette dependence to predict smoking cessation during pregnancy.DesignSecondary analysis of data from a parallel‐group randomized controlled trial of physical activity for smoking cessation. The outcomes were biochemically validated smoking abstinence at 4 weeks post‐quit and end‐of‐pregnancy.SettingWomen identified as smokers in antenatal clinics in 13 hospital trusts predominantly in southern England, who were recruited to a smoking cessation trial.ParticipantsOf 789 pregnant smokers recruited, 784 were included in the analysis.MeasurementsUsing random‐effect logistic regression models, we analysed the effects of baseline measures of cigarette dependence, including numbers of cigarettes smoked daily, Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) score, the two FTCD subscales of Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) and non‐Heaviness of Smoking Index (non‐HSI), expired carbon monoxide (CO) level and urges to smoke (strength and frequency) on smoking cessation. Associations were adjusted for significant socio‐demographic/health behaviour predictors and trial variables, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the predictive ability of the model for each measure of dependence.FindingsAll the dependence variables predicted abstinence at 4 weeks and end‐of‐pregnancy. At 4 weeks, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval) for a unit standard deviation increase in FTCD was 0.59 (0.47–0.74), expired CO = 0.54 (0.41–0.71), number of cigarettes smoked per day 0.65 (0.51–0.84) and frequency of urges to smoke 0.79 (0.63–0.98); at end‐of‐pregnancy they were: 0.60 (0.45–0.81), 0.55 (0.37–0.80), 0.70 (0.49–0.98) and 0.69 (0.51–0.94), respectively. HSI and non‐HSI exhibited similar results to the full FTCD.ConclusionsFour common measures of dependence, including number of cigarettes smoked per day, scores for Fagerström Test of Cigarette Dependence and frequency of urges and level of expired CO, all predicted smoking abstinence in the short term during pregnancy and at end‐of‐pregnancy with very similar predictive validity.

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“…Considerable research has shown that the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND; Heatherton et al, 1991) has questionable psychometric properties, generally reflecting poor (Hughes, Oliveto, Riggs, Kenny, Liguori et al, 2004; Etter, Vu Da, & Perneger, 1999) to mediocre (Burling & Burling, 2003) properties of reliability and validity. The FTND has been shown to have poor internal consistency (Burling & Burling, 2003; Heatherton et al, 1991; Payne, et al, 1994; Pomerleau, et al 1994; Sledjeski et al, 2007; Steinberg, Williams, Steinberg, Krejci & Ziedonis, 2005), low construct validity (Etter et al, 1999), and poor predictive validity (Sledjeski et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: Do revisions in the item scoring enhance the psychometric properties?

Korte

Capron

Zvolensky

et al. 2013

Addictive Behaviors

100

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Despite widespread use, considerable literature has shown that the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND; Heatherton et al., 1991) has questionable psychometric properties, generally reflecting relatively poor properties of reliability and validity. One factor that may be affecting the psychometric qualities of the scale is the use of a dichotomous, forced-choice response format for certain items, in which respondents are asked to answer each question with a Yes or No response. This scoring approach is especially problematic when used to measure dimensional constructs, such as nicotine dependence, in which a dimensional construct is forced into a categorical construct. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether revising the response format utilized in the FTND would lead to an enhancement in the psychometric properties of this scale. This question was examined by removing the forced-choice response criteria on items 2, 5, and 6 of the FTND and revising the response options to reflect a 4-point Likert response set (0 = never, 1 = sometimes, 2 = most of the time, 3 = always). Participants consisted of 343 smokers from the community. Results revealed that the revised scoring approach resulted in a significant incremental improvement in scale reliability and enhanced convergent validity, showing a stronger association with smoking outcomes than the FTQ or FTND. Findings are discussed in terms of recommendations for scale revision and usage.

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A comparison of self-report measures of nicotine dependence among male drug/alcohol-dependent cigarette smokers

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Three-Year Course of Cannabis Dependence and Prediction of Persistence

Three-Year Course of Cannabis Dependence and Prediction of Persistence

Which measures of cigarette dependence are predictors of smoking cessation during pregnancy? Analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial

The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: Do revisions in the item scoring enhance the psychometric properties?

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