“…Normally it involves comparisons of clipped quadrat, individual plant or plant-part samples taken just before and just after grazing, or comparisons of such samples cut in areas being grazed (or which have been grazed) with samples cut in comparable areas from which the grazing animals have been excluded. In the latter instance cages or exclosures are used to exclude the animals, and the technique in its different variants is termed the "cage" method, "movable cage" method or the "exclosure" method (see Nevens, 1945;Linehan, Lowe & Stewart, 1952;Brown, 1954;Voight, 1959).…”