A Comparison of Salmonella Serotypes Isolated from New Zealand Sea Lions and Feral Pigs on the Auckland Islands by Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis

Fenwick, Stanley G.; Duignan, Pádraig J.; Nicol, Carolyn; Leyland, M. J.; Hunter, Jodie

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-40.3.566

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The only serotype that showed variation on PFGE was Newport. The similar PFGE patterns suggest there may be transmission, direct or indirect, of Salmonella between species as has been demonstrated with New Zealand fur seals and feral pigs (Fenwick et al 2004). However, when comparing Salmonella serotypes isolated from different wildlife species in different locations, they were found to have the same PFGE restriction pattern (Smith et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Salmonella has been isolated from the intestinal tract of freeranging juvenile California sea lions Zalophus californianus (Gilmartin et al 1979), northern elephant seals Mirounga angustirostris (Stoddard et al 2005) and northern fur seals Callorhinus ursinus (Vedros et al 1982) in California, as well as from free-ranging harbor seals Phoca vitulina and grey seals Halichoreus grypus in the United Kingdom (Baker et al 1995), freeranging fur seals Arctocephalus gazelle in the subAntarctic (Palmgren et al 2000) and free-ranging New Zealand sea lions Phocarctos hookeri (Fenwick et al 2004). Salmonella have also been isolated from stranded marine mammal species that have been admitted for rehabilitation (Johnson et al 1998, Smith et al 2002, Stoddard et al 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella spp. among marine animals in the Channel Islands, California

Stoddard¹,

DeLong²,

Byrne

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic pathogen that has been isolated from free-ranging marine mammals throughout the world, with animals in the Channel Islands of California (USA) showing the highest prevalence. The goal of this study was to determine prevalence, antimicrobial sensitivity and genetic similarity using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of Salmonella in several non-domestic animal species on San Miguel and San Nicolas Islands. Fecal samples were collected from 90 California sea lion Zalophus californianus pups, 30 northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris pups and 87 western gulls Larus occidentalis in the Channel Islands and 59 adult male sea lions in Puget Sound, WA (USA). Salmonella were isolated, identified and serotyped, followed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PFGE. Of the California sea lion pups that were sampled on the islands, 21% (n = 19) were positive for Salmonella, whereas no adults males in Puget Sound were positive. Of the northern elephant seal pups sampled, 87% (n = 26) were harboring Salmonella. Only 9% (n = 8) of western gulls were shedding Salmonella, with one of these gulls harboring the only antimicrobial resistant isolate. The serotypes found in these animals were Enteritidis, Montevideo, Newport, Reading, and Saint Paul. The only serotype that showed variation on PFGE was Newport. The pinnipeds of the Channel Islands harbor Salmonella at a higher prevalence than pinnipeds from other geographic areas observed in previous studies. Researchers and veterinarians should exercise increased caution when working with these animals due to the zoonotic potential of Salmonella.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella spp. among marine animals in the Channel Islands, California

Stoddard¹,

DeLong²,

Byrne

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…The aforementioned survey by Bogomolni et al (2008) focused on Brucella, Leptospira, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium from marine birds and mammals in the northwest Atlantic. Prevalence of Salmonella strains have been studied along the western USA (Gilmartin et al 1979, Stoddard et al 2008, as well as in the UK (Baker et al 1995), New Zealand (Fenwick et al 2004), and the sub-Antarctic (Palmgren et al 2000). A recent study of terrestrial and marine species from Monterey Bay, California (USA) identified Campylobacter and Salmonella in both terrestrial and marine animals, along with Vibrio cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus in sea otters (Oates et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in the southeastern USA

Stewart¹,

Townsend²,

Lane³

et al. 2014

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Contamination of coastal waters can carry pathogens and contaminants that cause diseases in humans and wildlife, and these pathogens can be transported by water to areas where they are not indigenous. Marine mammals may be indicators of potential health effects from such pathogens and toxins. Here we isolated bacterial species of relevance to humans from wild bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus and assayed isolated bacteria for antibiotic resistance. Samples were collected during capture−release dolphin health assessments at multiple coastal and estuarine sites along the US mid-Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico. These samples were transported on ice and evaluated using commercial systems and aerobic culture techniques routinely employed in clinical laboratories. The most common bacteria identified were species belonging to the genus Vibrio, although Escherichia coli, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Pseudomonas fluorescens/ putida were also common. Some of the bacterial species identified have been associated with human illness, including a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) identified in 1 sample. Widespread antibiotic resistance was observed among all sites, although the percentage of resistant isolates varied across sites and across time. These data provide a baseline for future comparisons of the bacteria that colonize bottlenose dolphins in the southeastern USA.KEY WORDS: Marine mammals · MRSA · Vibrios · Coastal waters · Zoonosis · Anthropogenic impacts · Microbiology · Screening Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 108: [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] 2014 with wastes and wastewater discharges (Oates et al. 2012).Infections are routinely implicated with morbidity and mortality of marine mammals (Stroud & Roffe 1979, Gulland & Hall 2007. Bogomolni et al. (2008) identified infectious disease as the most significant factor for mortality in marine vertebrates, based on necropsy and histopathology data. Infectious diseases were associated with 31% of the deaths re viewed, which was higher than deaths caused by trauma, dependent pups or calves unable to forage on their own, or drowning as a result of fishery by-catch. Pathologies included peritonitis, septicemia, hepatitis, aspergillosis, and bacterial enteritis, among others.Marine mammals may provide early indications of potential health effects from contaminants in the oceans (Wells et al. 2004). Dolphins and other marine mammals have a physiology more similar to humans than other marine inhabitants (Wells et al. 2004). Their diets and physiologies have many commonalities with humans, while their exposure to the marine environment makes them more susceptible to risks from the ocean, including pathogens and toxins. Marine mammals may serve as a biological early warning system, alerting hu mans to risks before diseases manifest in humans (Bossart 2006, Stewart et al. 2008. Disease in these marine mammals may demonstrate health risks re sulting f...

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“…The digested genomic DNA of target bacteria is separated on an agarose gel and then hybridized with complementary sequences for identifying the banding patern. A database of ingerprint species, serovar, and strain identiications is used for comparison [21][22][23]. The ingerprinting methods include pulsed-ield gel electrophoresis (PFGE), ribotyping, and intergenic sequence (IGS) ribotyping.…”

Section: Culture-dependent Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Emerging Innovations for Detection of Food-Borne Salmonella

Wu¹,

Zeng²

2017

Current Topics in Salmonella and Salmonellosis

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Salmonella is one of the leading causes of food-borne illnesses worldwide, and one of the main contributors to salmonellosis is the consumption of contaminated egg, poultry, pork, beef, and milk products. Since deleterious efects of Salmonella on public health and the economy continue to occur, improving safety of food products by early detection of food-borne pathogens would be considered an important component for limiting exposure to Salmonella contamination. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to develop more advanced detection methods that can identify Salmonella accurately and rapidly in foods before they reach consumers. In the past three decades, there have been increasing eforts toward developing and improving rapid pathogen detection and characterization methodologies for application to food products. In this chapter, we discuss molecular methods for detection, identiication, and genetic characterization of Salmonella in food. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the established and emerging rapid detection methods are addressed here. The methods with potential application to the industry are highlighted in this chapter.

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A Comparison of Salmonella Serotypes Isolated from New Zealand Sea Lions and Feral Pigs on the Auckland Islands by Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella spp. among marine animals in the Channel Islands, California

Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella spp. among marine animals in the Channel Islands, California

Survey of antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus in the southeastern USA

Current and Emerging Innovations for Detection of Food-Borne Salmonella

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