A comparison of saliva, plasma unconjugated and plasma total oestriol levels throughout normal pregnancy

Lachelin, Gillian C. L.; Mcgarrigle, H. H. G.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04738.x

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We found that estriol was quantitatively the most abundant free estrogen in antepartum saliva. Salivary estriol increased linearly during late gestation and the concentrations seen at all time points were within expected ranges based on other studies that have successfully measured estriol in saliva [19,20,22,63]. Suri et al [63] used the Salimetrics EIA, the same EIA employed in the present work.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Previous studies have used either mixed longitudinal (e.g., [22,41,78]) or cross-sectional data collection [7,19,25,40]. Mixed longitudinal designs have the potential to falsely inflate correlations by introducing dependencies among pairs of observations [79], but no obvious differences in the size of the correlations obtained are evident between the studies that have used cross-sectional vs longitudinal [20] or mixed longitudinal sampling. The low correlations found in the present work as well as these previous studies suggest that low correlations between serum and saliva measurements may not be atypical during late pregnancy and the early postpartum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salivary monitoring of estriol concentrations has been suggested as a way to assess fetoplacental function. Early work using RIA reported an excellent correlation between saliva and either free estriol or total estriol in serum (r = 0.98 [8,19,20]; for reports using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) r = 0.87 [21], r = 0.79 [22]). Pregnancy and the postpartum are characterized by large changes in cortisol production, CBG levels, and responsivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis [23,24], but scant attention has been paid to serum-saliva correlations during the reproductive period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steroid concentrations in antepartum and postpartum saliva: normative values in women and correlations with serum

et al. 2013

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BackgroundSaliva has been advocated as an alternative to serum or plasma for steroid monitoring. Little normative information is available concerning expected concentrations of the major reproductive steroids in saliva during pregnancy and the extended postpartum.MethodsMatched serum and saliva specimens controlled for time of day and collected less than 30 minutes apart were obtained in 28 women with normal singleton pregnancies between 32 and 38 weeks of gestation and in 43 women during the first six months postpartum. Concentrations of six steroids (estriol, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone) were quantified in saliva by enzyme immunoassay.ResultsFor most of the steroids examined, concentrations in antepartum saliva showed linear increases near end of gestation, suggesting an increase in the bioavailable hormone component. Observed concentrations were in agreement with the limited data available from previous reports. Modal concentrations of the ovarian steroids were undetectable in postpartum saliva and, when detectable in individual women, approximated early follicular phase values. Only low to moderate correlations between the serum and salivary concentrations were found, suggesting that during the peripartum period saliva provides information that is not redundant to serum.ConclusionsLow correlations in the late antepartum may be due to differential rates of change in the total and bioavailable fractions of the circulating steroid in the final weeks of the third trimester as a consequence of dynamic changes in carrier proteins such as corticosteroid binding globulin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steroid concentrations in antepartum and postpartum saliva: normative values in women and correlations with serum

et al. 2013

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“…Although the salivary concentrations of different hormones have been correlated with their serum levels in humans [2,5,13,18,19,21], to our knowledge, salivary hormonal levels have never been measured in mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of resident oral bacterial biota in BALB/c mice during pregnancy and lactation

Coulombe¹,

Lavoie²

1995

Microb Ecol

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To assess the influence of pregnancy and lactation on the oral microbial ecology of BALB/c mice, we followed the distribution of the predominant oral bacteria of four groups of these mice during these two periods. Compared with nonpregnant control female mice of the same age maintained under the same conditions, the distribution of the resident oral bacterial species differed significantly only during the lactation period (8-16 days after parturition). This difference could possibly be attributed to hormonal influences and/or grooming habits.

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“…9 Keadaan tersebut juga diketahui pada manusia bahwa keadaan pubertas, kehamilan dan kontrasepsi hormonal dapat ditandai adanya peningkatan kadar hormon steroid dalam plasma selanjutnya dapat dideteksi di dalam cairan sulkus gingival dan saliva. 22,23 Terjadinya inflamasi kemungkinan karena hormon menginduksi perubahan mikroflora pada gingiva crevice. 24 Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hormon seks diduga memiliki peran penting dalam inflamasi kronis penyakit periodontal.…”

Section: Kontrasepsiunclassified

Kontrasepsi Hormonal Meningkatkan Kadar α-Amylase Saliva

Handajani

Puspita

Amelia

2014

Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia

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ABSTRAKSalivary α-amylase atau α-amylase saliva (SAA) adalah salah satu enzim dalam saliva yang berperan penting pada inisiasi digesti karbohidrat dan fungsi interaksi bakteri. Kontrasepsi hormonal sangat populer di Indonesia untuk mencegah kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar SAA wanita pemakai kontrasepsi pil dan suntik. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 30 perempuan usia 20-35 tahun. Prosedur penelitian telah mendapat persetujuan dari Komite Etik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. Subjek dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok (pemakai kontrasepsi pil, suntik, dan kontrol), masing-masing 10 perempuan. Kriteria subjek antara lain subjek sehat, tidak menggunakan alat ortodontik, protesa atau mahkota, serta menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal lebih dari 3 bulan. Sampel saliva dikumpulkan pada sore hari (16.00-18.00 WIB) selama 1 menit dengan metode tanpa stimulasi. Kadar tingkat SAA diukur menggunakan ELISA kit (Salimetrics LLC) dengan Optical Density (OD) pada 405 nm. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar SAA tertinggi pada perempuan pemakai kontrasepsi pil dan ada perbedaan yang signifikan diantara tiga kelompok. Disimpulkan bahwa kontrasepsi hormonal meningkatkan kadar SAA. Maj Ked Gi. Juni 2014; 20(1): 39 -46.Kata kunci: kontrasepsi pil, kontrasepsi suntik, α-amylase saliva. ABSTRACT: Hormonal Contraceptive Increased The Level of Salivary Α-Amylase. Salivary α-amylase (SAA) is one of the most important enzymes in saliva.This enzyme was mainly involved in the initiation of the digestion of starch in the oral cavity and has significant bacterial interactive function. Hormonal contraceptives are very popular in Indonesia to avoid pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate the level of SAA in woman who taking pill and by injection contraceptives. Thirty women were in subjects, 20-35 years old, approval ethical clearance from Ethic Committee Medical Faculty of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta Indonesia. Subjects were divided into three groups (taking pill contraceptive, by injection contraceptive and control). Each group consisted ten women. Criteria for issue were medication free, healthy, no orthodontic treatment, no prosthesis or crown and took hormonal contraceptives more than three months. Saliva samples were collected at afternoon (16.00-18.00 pm) for 1 minute using unstimulating method. The level of SAA was measured by ELISA kit (Salimetrics LLC). Optical Density was read on a standard plate at 405 nm. Data for level SAA were analyzed using ANOVA (p<0.05). Results showed the highest level of SAA in woman who takes pill contraceptive, and there were significant differences between the three groups. This study is suggesting that the hormonal contraceptive increased the level of SAA. Maj Ked Gi. Juni 2014; 20(1): 39 -46.

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A comparison of saliva, plasma unconjugated and plasma total oestriol levels throughout normal pregnancy

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Steroid concentrations in antepartum and postpartum saliva: normative values in women and correlations with serum

Steroid concentrations in antepartum and postpartum saliva: normative values in women and correlations with serum

Evolution of resident oral bacterial biota in BALB/c mice during pregnancy and lactation

Kontrasepsi Hormonal Meningkatkan Kadar α-Amylase Saliva

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