A Comparison of Noniterative Generalized Least Squares and Iterative Maximum Likelihood Estimators When Testing Hypotheses in Random Coefficient Growth Curve Models

Goldschmidt, Lidush; Timm, Neil H.

doi:10.1081/sac-120017493

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Therefore, we used a mixed-model framework (using the software Stata IC 10.0 for the Macintosh, Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, U.S.A.), which is readily amenable to complex data sets with combinations of fixed and hierarchically structured random effects (Burton et al, 1998; Goldstein et al, 2002; Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal, 2005). This mixed-modelling approach has the added advantage of estimating parameters with maximum likelihood procedures (we used restricted maximum likelihood), which are often more accurate and more powerful than the traditional least squares estimates used in analyses of variance and other linear models (e.g., Goldschmidt and Timm, 2003; Whitman, 2003; Orton and Lark, 2007). Specifically, we analyzed ZENK-ir as a function of photoexperience, song stimulus, location, and all their interactions, with measurement nested within individual female, individual female nested within photoexperience pair, and photoexperience pair nested within song pair, each as a random coefficient on location.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent effects of song quality and experience with photostimulation on expression of the immediate, early gene ZENK (EGR‐1) in the auditory telencephalon of female European starlings

Sockman¹,

Ball²

2009

Developmental Neurobiology

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Age influences behavioral decisions such as reproductive timing and effort. In photoperiodic species, such age effects may be mediated, in part, by the individual's age-accrued experience with photostimulation. In female European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) that do not differ in age, experimental manipulation of photostimulation experience (photoexperience) affects hypothalamic, pituitary, and gonadal activity associated with reproductive development. Does photoexperience also affect activity in forebrain regions involved in processing a social cue, the song of males, which can influence mate choice and reproductive timing in females? Female starlings prefer long songs over short songs in a mate-choice context, and, like that in other songbird species, their auditory telencephalon plays a major role in processing these signals. We manipulated the photoexperience of female starlings, photostimulated them, briefly exposed them to either long or short songs, and quantified the expression of the immediate-early gene ZENK (EGR-1) in the caudomedial nidopallium as a measure of activity in the auditory telencephalon. Using an information theoretic approach, we found higher ZENK immunoreactivity in females with prior photostimulation experience than in females experiencing photostimulation for the first time. We also found that long songs elicited greater ZENK immunoreactivity than short song did. We did not find an effect of the interaction between photoexperience and song length, suggesting that photoexperience does not affect forebrain ZENK-responsiveness to song quality. Thus, photoexperience affects activity in an area of the forebrain that processes social signals, an effect that we hypothesize mediates, in part, the effects of age on reproductive decisions in photoperiodic songbirds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent effects of song quality and experience with photostimulation on expression of the immediate, early gene ZENK (EGR‐1) in the auditory telencephalon of female European starlings

Sockman¹,

Ball²

2009

Developmental Neurobiology

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show abstract

“…Therefore, for our analyses, we mostly used a mixed-model framework (using Stata IC 10.0 for the Macintosh; Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas), which is readily amenable to complex data sets with hierarchical structure (Burton et al 1998;Goldstein et al 2002;Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal 2005). This mixedmodeling approach has the added advantage of estimating parameters with maximum likelihood procedures (we used restricted maximum likelihood), which are often more accurate and more powerful than the traditional least squares estimates used in analyses of variance and other linear models (e.g., Goldschmidt and Timm 2003;Whitman 2003;Orton and Lark 2007). We coded the categorical variables song quality and trill performance as 0 (low quality and low performance) and 1 (high quality and high performance).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Lincoln's sparrows modulate their behavior in response to variation in male song quality

et al. 2010

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Sexually reproducing organisms should mate with the highest quality individuals that they can. When female songbirds choose a mate, they are thought to use several aspects of male song that reflect his quality. Under resource-limited environmental conditions, male Lincoln's sparrows (Melospiza lincolnii) vary among one another in several aspects of song quality, including song length, song complexity, and trill performance. In a 2-pronged approach, we tested whether variation in song quality of male Lincoln's sparrows influences the behavior of females that are in a reproductive-like state. Over two trials, we exposed females to songs from the high and low ends of the distribution of naturally occurring song quality variation and found a higher level of behavioral activity in females exposed to high-quality songs, especially when they had first been exposed to low-quality songs. We also examined female phonotaxis toward antiphonally played songs with experimentally elevated and reduced trill performance and found that females moved preferentially toward the songs with elevated trill performance. Contrary to most studies investigating the behavioral responses of wild, female songbirds to variation in male song, we obtained our results without administering exogenous estradiol, which can artificially perturb the female's physiology. Our results demonstrate that the behavior of female Lincoln's sparrows is modulated by the quality of male songs to which they are exposed and that trill performance plays a significant role in this behavioral modulation. Furthermore, as the order of song quality presentation matters, it appears that recent song experience also influences female behavior.

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A Simulation Comparison of Approximate Tests for Fixed Effects in Random Coefficients Growth Curve Models

Vólaufová

LaMotte

2012

Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation

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A Comparison of Noniterative Generalized Least Squares and Iterative Maximum Likelihood Estimators When Testing Hypotheses in Random Coefficient Growth Curve Models

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Independent effects of song quality and experience with photostimulation on expression of the immediate, early gene ZENK (EGR‐1) in the auditory telencephalon of female European starlings

Independent effects of song quality and experience with photostimulation on expression of the immediate, early gene ZENK (EGR‐1) in the auditory telencephalon of female European starlings

Female Lincoln's sparrows modulate their behavior in response to variation in male song quality

A Simulation Comparison of Approximate Tests for Fixed Effects in Random Coefficients Growth Curve Models

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