A comparison of non-unit and unit protection algorithms for HVDC grids

Pérez-Molina, María José; Larruskain, D.M.; Eguia, P.; Abarrategi, Oihane; Santos-Mugica, Maider

doi:10.1109/aeit-hvdc.2019.8740430

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The HB-MMCs are interconnected by five cables with 100 mH inductors and circuit breakers at their ends; this way, each cable comprises an independent protection zone. An inductor size of 100 mH is widely used in the literature when local-measurement-based algorithms are employed in order to accurately delimit the protection zones, e.g., [14,[18][19][20][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Study Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Strategy for HVDC Grids

et al. 2021

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HVDC grids demand the fast and reliable operation of the protection system. The failure of any protection element should initialize a backup protection almost immediately in order to assure the system’s stability. This paper proposes a novel backup strategy that covers the failure of the primary protection including the malfunctioning of the HVDC circuit breaker. Only local voltage measurements are employed in the proposed backup protection and the voltage derivative is calculated at both sides of the limiting inductor. Consequently, the speed and reliability of the protection system are enhanced, since no communication channel is needed. This paper contains a thorough specification of the proposed protection strategy. This strategy is validated in a four-terminal HVDC grid with various fault case scenarios, including high-resistance fault cases. The operation of the backup protection is reliable and remarkably fast.

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Section: Study Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Strategy for HVDC Grids

et al. 2021

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“…This communication time delay can make the protection system not capable of meeting the requirement of speed (Li and Xu, 2018), even if the optical fiber is used, which presents a time delay of 1 ms per 200 km (Dallas and Booth, 2014). Consequently, the communication time delay is the most limiting parameter in the operation time of a communication-based algorithm (Pérez-Molina et al, 2019). Moreover, protection algorithms using a communication channel are not completely reliable since a problem in the communication channel will make the protection system nonoperative (Psaras et al, 2018).…”

Section: Protection Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for Protection of Future HVDC Grids

et al. 2020

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Nowadays, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmissions are gaining relevance in long distance and renewable energy integration projects over the conventional Alternating Current (AC) transmissions due to several advantages as improved flexibility and independent active and reactive power controllability. Despite that, the high currents and voltage collapses generated by fault conditions in HVDC systems imply some unresolved technical challenges regarding the detection, location and clearance of faults. Faults have to be cleared in a very short time range in order to minimize their impact on the system. For this objective, very fast protection algorithms and reliable HVDC circuit breakers are required. This paper focuses on the technical challenges and limitations of HVDC protection systems. This way, protection requirements and different types of measurement devices are considered. Protection algorithms are classified into local-measurement-based and communication-based, highlighting the most important characteristics. In addition, the different technologies of HVDC circuit breakers are compared. Finally, the characteristics and effects of the different available fault-clearing strategies are presented.

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“…Moreover, the delay time imposed by the communication system makes its response time slower, especially in very long cable length conditions. Thus, the communication delay time is a critical factor in the total fault clearance time [15]. For this matter, they are mostly used as part of a back-up protection system or to protect against high impedance fault conditions [16] C. Current-based algorithms In this case, the DC current is locally measured.…”

Section: B Current Differential Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Local Fault Detection Algorithm for HVDC Systems

Molina¹,

Eguia²,

Eskobal³

et al. 2019

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A great increase in the amount of energy generated from clean and renewable sources integrated in the electric power system is expected worldwide in the coming years. High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems are seen as a promising alternative to the traditional Alternating Current (AC) systems for the expansion of the electric power system. However, to achieve this vision, there are some remaining challenges regarding HVDC systems which need to be solved. One of the main challenges is related to fault detection and location in HVDC grids. This paper reviews the main protection algorithms available and presents the evaluation of a local fault detection algorithm for DC faults in a multi-terminal Voltage Source Conversion (VSC) based HVDC grid. The paper analyses the influence of the DC voltage sampling frequency and the cable length in the performance of the algorithm.

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A comparison of non-unit and unit protection algorithms for HVDC grids

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Strategy for HVDC Grids

Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Strategy for HVDC Grids

Challenges for Protection of Future HVDC Grids

Evaluation of a Local Fault Detection Algorithm for HVDC Systems

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