A comparison of non‐contact, subcutaneous, and rectal temperatures in captive owl monkeys (Aotus sp.)

Abstract

Further investigation is needed into subcutaneous implant sites and use of different infrared thermometers in this species.

Relationship between body temperature, weight, and hematological parameters of black tufted‐ear marmosets (Callithrix penicillata)

“…The apparent discrepancy between our data and that of previous reports may reflect the exact location of the superficial measurement – cutaneous vs. subcutaneous . SC thermometry using transponder devices accurately measures subcutaneous temperatures in NHP and may reliably represent core body temperatures, compared to skin thermocouples . In previous studies conducted in marmoset monkeys, RC temperatures also differed minimally from SC microchip data (0.4°C: ; 0.2°C: ).…”

“…In non‐human primates (NHP), as with most mammals, rectal (RC) thermometry is the most commonly used method to estimate core body temperature . This is an inexpensive and minimally invasive technique, yet it is also time‐ and labor‐consuming to perform, may inflict local injury particularly during repeated samplings, and commonly induces handling stress or requires the use of sedatives/anesthetics that alters baseline measurements . Alternatively, body temperature measured via easily implantable subcutaneous (SC) microchip transponders is a less invasive method that correlates with rectal temperatures of NHPs [; however, see ] and other animals [e.g., ].…”

The potential for microchip-automated technology to improve enrichment practices

“…Subcutaneous temperature-recording microchips have been shown to be very accurate and reliable [Chen and White, 2006;Cilia et al, 1998;Devalle, 2005;Shelton et al, 2006], non-invasive [Kort et al, 1998;Shelton et al, 2006], and non-laborious for the operator [Kort et al, 1998]. The high level of interest displayed by respondents toward temperature-recording microchips suggests that monitoring of physiological parameters should also be incorporated into an automated husbandry system.…”

“…Implantable microchips can meet this need as they are also capable of recording physiological parameters, such as body temperature [Chen and White, 2006;Goodwin, 1998;Kort et al, 1998;Shelton et al, 2006], with other physiological sensors likely to be developed in the near future [Artmann, 1999;Jansen and Eradus, 1999;Narducci, 2007;Troyk, 1999].…”

Há equivalência entre a temperatura da membrana timpânica e a temperatura retal em ovinos Santa Inês normotérmicos?

“…A falta de equivalência entre os dois tipos de aparelhos, nas regiões citadas, já fora observada em gatos (KUNKLE et al, 2004), humanos (GREENES & FLEISCHER, 2004) e primatas não-humanos (BOERE et al, 2003;SHELTON et al, 2006). Os valores térmicos de referência (QUESADA et al, 2001) e a estreita amplitude térmica do ambiente permitiram que a comparação entre as regiões e a avaliação dos aparelhos fosse confiável, excluídas as variações cronobiológicas ou os extremos térmicos ambientais.…”