A comparison of mineral uptake and translocation by above-ground and below-ground root systems ofSalix syringiana

Nadkarni, Nalini M.; Primack, Richard B.

doi:10.1007/bf02181919

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Canopy organic matter can also be leached of nutrients (Nadkarni, 1986) or can absorb and retain nutrients from atmospheric sources through physical, chemical, and biotic processes (Clark, 1994;Clark et al, 1998). Direct transfer of nutrients from COM to terrestrially rooted vegetation can occur via host tree canopy root systems (Nadkarni, 1981;Sanford, 1987;Nadkarni and Primack, 1989). This material also provides resources for vertebrates, such as nectar for birds and pollen for rodents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biomass and nutrient pools of canopy and terrestrial components in a primary and a secondary montane cloud forest, Costa Rica

Nadkarni

Schaefer

Matelson

et al. 2004

Forest Ecology and Management

151

138

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Biomass and nutrient pools of canopy and terrestrial components in a primary and a secondary montane cloud forest, Costa Rica

Nadkarni

Schaefer

Matelson

et al. 2004

Forest Ecology and Management

151

138

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“…An experimental investigation into the element uptake by terrestrial and adventitious roots of Salix syringiana saplings using a radionuclide approach demonstrated that tree roots in the crown have the ability to absorb nutrients from sources in the canopy and transfer them at least to adjacent branches and leaves (Nadkarni and Primack 1989). This experiment may suggest that adventitious roots could profit from nutrients in the crown humus (Paoletti et al 1991;Nadkarni et al 2002;Perez et al 2005), as well as from dissolved nutrients in the stem flow within the canopy (Nadkarni 1986;Sanford 1987;Herwitz 1991).…”

Section: Crown Terrestrialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown that not only do the roots and rhizoids of epiphytes benefit from the nutrient supply from this canopy humus, but that the host trees also grow adventitious roots into these epiphyte/humus mats, both in tropical and temperate regions (Nadkarni 1981(Nadkarni , 1994aVance and Nadkarni 1992;Leary et al 2004;Perez et al 2005). This has been interpreted as a mechanism by which trees supplement their nutrient supply, particularly on nutrient-poor soils, which is a common characteristic of both tropical and temperate rainforests (Nadkarni 1981;Sanford 1987;Moore 1989;Nadkarni and Primack 1989;Herwitz 1991;Vance and Nadkarni 1992;Leary et al 2004). However, our knowledge is based on few observations owing to the difficulties in accessing the tree canopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are tree roots in the canopy ecologically important? A critical reassessment from a case study in a tropical montane rainforest

Hertel

Köhler

2010

Plant Ecology & Diversity

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Background:The occurrence of adventitious roots in the crowns of rainforest trees has been reported occasionally. These roots have been suggested to serve as an ecological mechanism that increases nutrient supply to trees. Aim: We investigated the biomass and ecomorphology of tree fine roots in the canopy and in the terrestrial soil in a nutrient-poor montane rainforest in Costa Rica. Methods: Crown humus and terrestrial soil organic layer samples were analysed for tree fine root mass, root morphology and chemical properties. We surveyed crown humus abundance and quantitatively estimated the stand's tree fine root biomass in the canopy. Results: Soil chemical properties were similar in crown humus and terrestrial organic layer samples. Fine root biomass density and live-to-dead ratio were higher in the terrestrial soil than in the crown humus. Tree fine roots in the canopy represented less than 0.1% of the fine root biomass in the terrestrial organic layer. Canopy roots completely lacked ectomycorrhizal colonisation, while terrestrial fine roots were entirely colonised. Conclusions:The negligible biomass of adventitious fine roots in the canopy clearly suggests that the ecological benefit from canopy roots for the host tree must be marginal even under particularly poor growth conditions.

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“…Large amounts of ferrihydrite, a type of iron oxyhydroxide, have been found in MSW leachates with high Fe concentrations (Shrive et al 1990, Bolton & Evans 1991. Their development is thought to be a plant response to the need to expand the root system into more aerobic areas of the rooting medium, and may act as an auxiliary pathway for nutrient uptake when normal functioning of the lower root system is hindered by adverse soil conditions (Kozlowski 1982, Nadkarni & Primack 1989. Plaque was not observed on red maple roots exposed to water sub-irrigation or the maintenance nutrient solution in this study.…”

Section: General Experimental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses of Red Maple Saplings To Sub-Irrigation With an Untreated Municipal Landfill Leachate

Shrive

McBride

1995

Waste Manag Res

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An experiment was undertaken to examine the response of hydroponically-grown red maple ( Acer rubrum L.) saplings to a series of four flooding (sub-irrigation) treatments distributed over a 25-day period with an untreated (saline) municipal solid waste landfill leachate or deionized water. Net photosynthesis rates measured for water-treated saplings rapidly declined to 62% of the levels measured in untreated (control) saplings, but returned to pre-treatment levels with subsequent flooding treatments. Net photosynthesis rates measured for leachate-treated saplings decreased to about 50% of the levels measured for control saplings over the 25-day treatment period, and remained suppressed. Loss of turgor in leaves and a iron-oxyhydroxide plaque on root surfaces were also observed. Reasons proposed for this acute and apparently irreversible response to leachate exposure include: (i) extreme root anaerobiosis conditions caused by root system flooding and exacerbated by a high chemical oxygen demand leachate; (ii) increased root-soil interface resistance to transpiration water flow (osmotic potential gradient, iron oxyhydroxide plaque); (iii) metabolic intolerance to high solute concentrations in plant tissue; and (iv) exposure to potentially toxic volatile organic compounds. Water sub-irrigation had virtually no effect on nutrient and non-nutrient element concentrations in foliage or on the spectral reflectance characteristics of the leaves. Leachate treatment decreased the foliar content of many plant macro-and micro-nutrients significantly, and shifts in spectral reflectance patterns indicated declining plant vigour. Certain chemical constituents present in high concentrations in the leachate irrigant and which can be phytotoxic, such as Cl, accumulated to a significant degree in leachate-treated plant tissue.

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A comparison of mineral uptake and translocation by above-ground and below-ground root systems ofSalix syringiana

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Biomass and nutrient pools of canopy and terrestrial components in a primary and a secondary montane cloud forest, Costa Rica

Biomass and nutrient pools of canopy and terrestrial components in a primary and a secondary montane cloud forest, Costa Rica

Are tree roots in the canopy ecologically important? A critical reassessment from a case study in a tropical montane rainforest

Physiological Responses of Red Maple Saplings To Sub-Irrigation With an Untreated Municipal Landfill Leachate

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