A Comparison of Midazolam and Diazepam for Induction of Anaesthesia in High-Risk Patients

Ja, Reitan; Ie, Soliman

doi:10.1177/0310057x8701500210

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…9 In an un-cooperative child, drug dosage if accidentally increased or decreased may make the child unsuitable for anaesthesia. 10 A palatable oral preparation is usually acceptable to child and fluctuation of dosage being minimum; this cannot produce unpredictable side effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo controlled comparative study of oral midazolam and oral ketamine as a premedication in paediatric age group

Longani

Mall²,

Raval

2017

Int J Adv Med

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Background: Preanaesthetic medication can play an important part in the anaesthetic care of infants and children. It plays a vital role during induction and maintenance of anaesthesia as well as in post-operative period. Methods: Ninety pediatric patients of ASA status I and II operated for routine surgical procedures at GGH, Jamnagar, Gujarat were studied for the comparision of oral midazolam and oral ketamine as a premedication. The paediatric patients were divided into 3 groups, group M oral midazolam, group K oral ketamine and group P placebo (honey) of 30 patients each. Results: All the patients were given general anaesthesia with injection sodium thiopentone 4 to 5 mg/kg and inj. succinylcholine 1.5 mg/kg and maintained with inj. vecuronium and traces of halothane. Paracetamol rectal suppository 10 to 15 mg/kg was inserted before reversal for post-operative analgesia. All patients were reversed with inj. neostigmine 50 μg/kg and inj. glycopyrrolate 8 μg/kg given intravenously slowly. Intraoperative pulse rate, blood pressure, SPO 2 and ECG were recorded. Post operatively apart from vitals sedation score and anxiety score were recorded. The result analysed showed that sedation and anxiolysis was better in ketamine group both during separation from parents and I.V. cannulation. Recovery was smooth in ketamine group whereas recovery in midazolam group was associated with irritability and crying. Conclusions: Oral ketamine is better premedication than oral midazolam in paediatric patients.Cite this article as: Longani S, Mall KP, Raval D. Placebo controlled comparative study of oral midazolam and oral ketamine as a premedication in paediatric age group. Int J Adv Med 2017;4:66-70.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placebo controlled comparative study of oral midazolam and oral ketamine as a premedication in paediatric age group

Longani

Mall²,

Raval

2017

Int J Adv Med

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“…In relatively healthy, normovolemic patients, midazolam at these dosages causes either no change or only modest decreases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (#10 mm Hg). [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] In studies of patients with limited cardiac reserve, induction with 0.2 to 0.3 mg/ kg of midazolam causes mean decreases in MAP ranging from about 10 mm Hg to about 20 mm Hg. 16,[37][38][39][40] These modest hemodynamic effects were seen using dosages of midazolam that were two to three times the dose (0.1 mg/kg) we used as our cutoff for underdosing, and four to six times the mean dose we observed emergency physicians using in adult patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underdosing of Midazolam in Emergency Endotracheal Intubation

Sagarin

Barton

Sakles

et al. 2003

Academic Emergency Medicine

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“…The incidence of thrombophlebitis was similar to that reported by Reves et al 1979, Reitan et al 1987, Abraham and Kaur 1997. 8,9,10 Gamble et al 2001, found thrombosis and thrombophlebitis in 2 patients each after midazolam and propofol between 7-10 days after surgery, even though there was no sign of venous irritation in the ¿ rst week. 11 Patient acceptance of anesthesia was good in 75% patients in midazolam group whereas the patient's acceptance in propofol group was 45.8% Patient's acceptance of anesthesia was satisfactory in 54.2 in propofol whereas it was 25% in midazolam group.…”

Section: Post Operative Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midazolam as an induction agent in comparison with propofol as a safe and effective alternative

Singh

2013

Journal of Institute of Medicine

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Introduction: Propofol produce rapid and smooth induction of anesthesia, with rapid metabolism, which would allow it to be used for the maintenance of anesthesia and free from the risk of anaphylactic reactions. Midazolam a new short acting water soluble Benzodiazepine with cardio vascular effects similar to that of diazepam may be an effective alternative for induction of anesthesia. Methods: In this randomized study, all together 48 patients undergoing various surgical procedures belonging to Orthopedic, General Surgery and Gynecological Surgeries constituted the study group. Group-I (Midazolam Group) received intra-venous Midazolam 0.15mg/Kg for induction of anesthesia and Group-II (Propofol Group) received 2mg/kg intravenous Propofol for Induction of Anesthesia. Induction time, Heart Rate, Non invasive blood Pressure is recorded at 1minute interval for 5 minutes and after that at an interval for 5 minutes for another 30 minutes. Demographic data was analyzed by Student’s t-test. Results: The study showed no statistical significance in hemodynamic responses with either Midazolam or Propofol as an induction agent for General Anesthesia but there was statistically difference with respect to heart rate (P=0.001). Conclusion: Midazolam was proven effective compared to Propofol as an induction Agent. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joim.v34i1.9119 Journal of Institute of Medicine, April, 2012; 34:1 25-32

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A Comparison of Midazolam and Diazepam for Induction of Anaesthesia in High-Risk Patients

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Placebo controlled comparative study of oral midazolam and oral ketamine as a premedication in paediatric age group

Placebo controlled comparative study of oral midazolam and oral ketamine as a premedication in paediatric age group

Underdosing of Midazolam in Emergency Endotracheal Intubation

Midazolam as an induction agent in comparison with propofol as a safe and effective alternative

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