The problem of correcting the results of no-load loss measurements of power transformers for the effect of distorted supply voltage waveform on the magnetic flux in the core and hence on both the hysteresis and eddy current loss components of core losses will be presented. The instrumentation requirements for no-load loss measurements to ensure proper application of the correction formula will be described.
SummaryThe no-load loss of a power transformer is the active power loss in a power transformer when it is energized but not supplying a load. It consists primarily of a core loss due to the magnetization of the core, which is a function of the magnitude, frequency, and waveshape of the excitation voltage. It also varies with temperature, and is particularly sensitive to distortion of the supply voltage waveform. The no-load loss is a very small part of the power rating of a power transformer, usually less than 1%. For a constant operating voltage and frequency, it is essentially constant and does not vary with load. Hence, it can represent a significant operating expense, especially if the energy costs are high.Therefore, accurate measnrements of no load losses are essential in the performance evaluation of power transformers. It is often a determining factor when electrical utilities select a supplier for their power transformer purchases.