A Comparison of Humiliation Measurement in a Depressive Versus Non‐clinical Sample: A Possible Clinical Utility

Collazzoni, Alberto; Capanna, Cristina; Bustini, Massimiliano; Marucci, Carmela; Prescenzo, Samanta; Ragusa, M.; Tosone, Adele; Ubaldo, V. Di; Stratta, Paolo; Rossi, Alessandro

doi:10.1002/jclp.22212

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Humiliation was also considered a risk factor for depression (7,27), being associated with sense of entrapment, hopelessness, depression, and suicidal behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously reported that depression, resilience, humiliation, and adverse early family experiences are connected to each other. In particular, resilience has negative relation with humiliation, adverse early family experiences, and depression, showing a buffering effect in clinical and non-clinical samples (7,27,28). Therefore, we hypothesized that the relationships between adverse early family experiences and humiliation (as predictors) and hopelessness (as outcome) could be significantly mediated by resilience.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resilience as a Mediator Between Interpersonal Risk Factors and Hopelessness in Depression

et al. 2020

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Several studies investigated the role of resilience as a mediating factor for psychopathological phenotypes. The aim of the current study is to explore the putative role of resilience as a mediator between different vulnerability factors and depressive symptoms. One hundred and fifty patients with a major depressive disorder diagnosis have been evaluated on the basis of humiliation (Humiliation Inventory), adverse past family experiences (Risky Family Questionnaire), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), and resilience (Resilience Scale for Adult) scores. A multiple regression analysis and a bootstrapping method were carried out to assess the hypothesis that resilience could mediate the relationships between these risk factors as predictors and hopelessness as a dependent variable. Our results show that resilience has a mediating role in the relationship between several risk factors that are specifically involved in interpersonal functioning and hopelessness. The main limitations of the study are the cross-sectional nature of the study, the use of self-report instruments, the lack of personality assessment, and the consideration of the resilience as a unique construct. The understanding of the mechanisms through which resilience mediates the effects of different interpersonal risk factors is crucial in the study of depression. In fact, future prevention-oriented studies can also be carried out considering the mediating role of resilience between interpersonal risk factors and depressive symptoms.

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“…Humiliation was also considered a risk factor for depression (7,27), being associated with sense of entrapment, hopelessness, depression, and suicidal behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience as a Mediator Between Interpersonal Risk Factors and Hopelessness in Depression

et al. 2020

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“…3). Humiliation is a predictor of depression 114 , as is interpersonal sensitivity 115 . When a humiliating experience leads to a fear of further humiliation, a victimised person may become increasingly sensitive to social threats and social anxiety cues 115 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verbal Abuse Related to Self-Esteem Damage and Unjust Blame Harms Mental Health and Social Interaction in College Population

Yun

Shim

Jeong

2019

Sci Rep

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Verbal abuse is an emotional abuse intended to inflict intense humiliation-denigration-fear as perceived by exposed person. Network-based approaches have been applied to explore the integrativesegregated patterns of associations among the psychological features and external stimuli for diverse populations; few studies reported for verbal abuse effects in college population. Self-reporting measurements acquired form 5,616 college students were used for network analyses. Escalating cascades of verbal abuse from differential sources (parents, peers, or supervisors; network 1) and directed associations among verbal abuse severity-psychopathology-social interaction (network 2) were estimated using the directed acyclic graphs. principal connectors of verbal abuse-psychopathologysocial interaction were shown using the graph theory metrics calculated from the intra-individual covariance networks (network 3). Directed propagating patterns of verbal abuse phenomena differed by source (network 1). Severe peer-related verbal abuse affected psychomotor changes and influenced irritability (network 2). Verbal abuse of self-esteem damage and unjust blame served as connectors in the verbal abuse-psychopathology-social interaction; influence of smartphone overuse-related distress was stronger in cases with more severe verbal abuse (network 3). Verbal abuse that damages selfesteem and conveys unjust blame harms mental health and social interaction for college population. Verbal abuse is a form of emotional abuse intended to inflict intense humiliation, denigration, or extreme fear, as perceived by the victimised person 1. Perceived parental verbal abuse in childhood and peer-related verbal abuse in adolescence have been associated with a risk of depressive mood, anxiety, anger-hostility, suicidality, dissociation, or drug use in young adulthood 2-6. Moreover, experience of perceived verbal abuse has been associated with changed patterns of brain maturation, including the reduced structural integrity of brain white matter bundles 7 , compromised brain resting state functional connectivity 8,9 , and decreased brain grey matter volumes in regions responsible for sensory processing, emotional regulation, and social interaction-related cognitive functioning such as language and memory. All of the above factors have been suggested to reflect the neural underpinning of the psychopathology 10-16. Further, perceived verbal abuse in adulthood in relation to intimate partner violence and workplace mistreatment also affects brain morphology and undermines mental health 17,18. However, unlike the extreme clinical syndromes developing after trauma, such as post-traumatic stress disorder 19,20 , few studies have explored interactions among perceived, verbal abuse-psychopathology-social interaction patterns in young adult populations. Using network-based approaches, integrative as well as segregated patterns of interactions among the psychopathology, cognitive functioning, and perceived external stimuli have been explored in various populations 19...

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“…Perhaps not surprisingly, humiliation—especially when experienced frequently—has been associated with a host of psychological, relational, and societal problems, as well as with clinical disorders such as low self-esteem, depression, general anxiety disorder, suicidal intentions, homicide and (domestic) violence (e.g., Klein, 1991; Gilbert, 1997; Hartling and Luchetta, 1999; Farmer and McGuffin, 2003; Kendler et al, 2003; Leary et al, 2003; Elison and Harter, 2007; Torres and Bergner, 2010; Walker and Knauer, 2011; Harter, 2012; Collazzoni et al, 2014, 2015). One often cited example of the destructive potential of humiliation is the phenomenon of school-shootings , the (attempted) mass killing and injuring of students and teachers at a school or university by one or more students of that institution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Is Humiliation More Intense? The Role of Audience Laughter and Threats to the Self

et al. 2017

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In personal accounts, humiliation is often reported as a very intense, painful, negative emotion. We report two scenario studies in which we explored two factors that may contribute to the intense character of humiliation: (1) unwanted, negative public exposure, and (2) a threat to central aspects of one's identity. Study 1 (N = 115) assessed emotional reactions to a public insult when an audience responded with either laughter or not and when someone from the audience offered support after the insult or no support was offered. Results showed that the intensity of humiliation increased when people laughed after the insult. However, support offered after the insult had no effect on reported humiliation. Study 2 (N = 99) focused on threats to different self-related values and showed stronger reports of humiliation when central self-related values were threatened than when less central self-related values were threatened. Study 2 also replicated the audience-effect from Study 1, but only when central self-related values were threatened and not when less central self-related values were threatened. Limitations of these studies (e.g., the use of scenarios) and potential avenues for future research, such as the (long-term) consequences of humiliation and humiliation in the context of social media, are discussed.

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A Comparison of Humiliation Measurement in a Depressive Versus Non‐clinical Sample: A Possible Clinical Utility

Abstract: This study improves the understanding of the relationship of humiliation and depression in both clinical and non-clinical populations.

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Resilience as a Mediator Between Interpersonal Risk Factors and Hopelessness in Depression

Resilience as a Mediator Between Interpersonal Risk Factors and Hopelessness in Depression

Verbal Abuse Related to Self-Esteem Damage and Unjust Blame Harms Mental Health and Social Interaction in College Population

When Is Humiliation More Intense? The Role of Audience Laughter and Threats to the Self

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