A Comparison of Histological and Non-histological Indices of Atresia and Follicular Function1

Grimes, Randall W.; Matton, P.; Ireland, J. J.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod37.1.82

Cited by 56 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Considering bovine follicles !5 mm only, the elevated levels of progesterone in follicular fluid indicate basal atresia (Irving-Rodgers et al 2003b) and this was also observed in an earlier study of bovine follicles O5 mm diameter, which were classified histologically as either healthy or atretic (Grimes et al 1987). In that study, w6% of the follicles were classified as 'atreticluteinized' and described as having elongated and hypertrophied granulosa cells and a disorganized theca.…”

Section: Atresia Of Antral Follicles !5 MM In Diametersupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Numerous studies of bovine follicles have measured steroid hormone concentrations in follicular fluids with different indicators of atresia or cell death used to determine whether the steroid concentrations are indeed good measures of atresia (Ireland & Roche 1983, McNatty et al 1984, Grimes et al 1987, Jolly et al 1994). The consensus is that healthy follicles have higher levels of E 2 than atretic follicles, and atretic follicles have higher levels of progesterone or thecal products such as testosterone or androstenedione for the same size of follicle.…”

Section: Atresia Of Antral Follicles O5 MM In Diametermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological classification of bovine ovarian follicles

Rodgers¹,

Irving-Rodgers²

2010

Reproduction

128

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Follicle classification is an important aid to the understanding of follicular development and atresia. Some bovine primordial follicles have the classical primordial shape, but ellipsoidal shaped follicles with some cuboidal granulosa cells at the poles are far more common. Preantral follicles have one of two basal lamina phenotypes, either a single aligned layer or one with additional layers. In antral follicles !5 mm diameter, half of the healthy follicles have columnar shaped basal granulosa cells and additional layers of basal lamina, which appear as loops in cross section ('loopy'). The remainder have aligned single-layered follicular basal laminas with rounded basal cells, and contain better quality oocytes than the loopy/columnar follicles. In sizes O5 mm, only aligned/rounded phenotypes are present. Dominant and subordinate follicles can be identified by ultrasound and/or histological examination of pairs of ovaries. Atretic follicles !5 mm are either basal atretic or antral atretic, named on the basis of the location in the membrana granulosa where cells die first. Basal atretic follicles have considerable biological differences to antral atretic follicles. In follicles O5 mm, only antral atresia is observed. The concentrations of follicular fluid steroid hormones can be used to classify atresia and distinguish some of the different types of atresia; however, this method is unlikely to identify follicles early in atresia, and hence misclassify them as healthy. Other biochemical and histological methods can be used, but since cell death is a part of normal homoeostatis, deciding when a follicle has entered atresia remains somewhat subjective.

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Section: Atresia Of Antral Follicles !5 MM In Diametersupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Atresia Of Antral Follicles O5 MM In Diametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological classification of bovine ovarian follicles

Rodgers¹,

Irving-Rodgers²

2010

Reproduction

128

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“…Increased inhibin levels were noted that follicular fluid E2 levels in stage I to III follicles, which are classified as healthy growing follicles, are higher than those in atretic follicles (stages IV to VII), and that follicular fluid inhibin levels are related to E2 level but not P or T levels. High P level in follicular fluid was seen in luteinizing follicles [33], and we found the highest P level in follicular fluid of stage VII follicles (advanced stage of atresia). Thus, stage VII follicles were considered to be luteinizing follicles based on both histological and endocrinological findings.…”

Section: Changes In Inhibin Estradiol-17β Progesterone and Testostesupporting

confidence: 53%

Stage-Specific Distributions of Inhibin .ALPHA.-subunit in Bovine Ovarian Follicles and Various Hormones Levels in Follicular Fluid.

Yoshimura¹,

Hondo²,

Murabayashi³

et al. 1999

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The changes in localization of inhibin α-subunit in bovine ovarian follicles during follicular development were assessed by immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal anti-inhibin α-subunit antibody. The changes in inhibin, estradiol-17β (E2), progesterone (P) and testosterone (T) levels in the follicular fluid during follicular development were also investigated. The follicles obtained from the bovine ovaries in mid-luteal stage were histologically classified into 7 stages. Stages I, II and III were growing healthy follicles, and stages IV, V, VI and VII were atretic follicles. In both growing and atretic follicles, inhibin α-subunit were histochemically demonstrated in the granulosa cells. Strong or moderate immunostaining for inhibin α-subunit were found only in the granulosa cells of stages II and III follicles (the strongest staining was found in stage III), and trace staining was seen in a small number of theca interna cells of stages II and III follicles. The granulosa cells of early atretic follicles (stage IV) also have the ability to produce and secrete inhibin, but finally they lost the ability. No positive staining was demonstrated in any cells of progressed atretic follicles (stage V, VI and VII). Inhibin level in the follicular fluid was higher in the growing follicles (highest level at stage II) than in the atretic follicles. Follicular fluid E2 level increased from stages I to III, but decreased from stage IV onward. The P levels remained low from stages I to VI, but increased only in stage VII. The T levels in stages III and VII were lower than in the other stages. Follicular fluid inhibin level were related to E2 level but not P or T levels. In conclusion, the inhibin α-subunit is produced by follicular granulosa cells in growing follicles of the bovine ovaries, and inhibin may stimulate E2 secretion in growing but not in atretic follicles.

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“…Some investigators (Byskov, 1974, Sadrkhanloo et al, 1987and Huges and Gorospe, 1991 maintain that atresia can occur at any stage of development, suggesting that those follicles which ultimately ovulate have escaped atresia many times during the course of development. Others maintain that the phenomenon of atresia is limited to a particular stage of development (Grimes et al, 1987 andHirshfield, 1988), and that there is a single period of vulnerability during the development of antral follicles. Quantitative data pertinent to this is scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%