A comparison of four methods of testing emergency medical technician triage skills

Landis, Sandra S.; Benson, Nicholas H.; Whitley, Theodore W.

doi:10.1016/0735-6757(89)90074-0

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…If live victims scenarios were used instead, the participants scored this higher than written scenarios without significant differences and were, by 61 prehospital providers in an exploratory study, compared favourably, to manikins. This suggests that the two methods, live victims and written scenarios, although different in regards to cost, time- and space consumption may result in similar learning outcomes [177]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the use of simulation in prehospital care – a literature review

Abelsson

Rystedt

Suserud

et al. 2014

Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med

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BackgroundHigh energy trauma is rare and, as a result, training of prehospital care providers often takes place during the real situation, with the patient as the object for the learning process. Such training could instead be carried out in the context of simulation, out of danger for both patients and personnel. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the development and foci of research on simulation in prehospital care practice.MethodsAn integrative literature review were used. Articles based on quantitative as well as qualitative research methods were included, resulting in a comprehensive overview of existing published research. For published articles to be included in the review, the focus of the article had to be prehospital care providers, in prehospital settings. Furthermore, included articles must target interventions that were carried out in a simulation context.ResultsThe volume of published research is distributed between 1984- 2012 and across the regions North America, Europe, Oceania, Asia and Middle East. The simulation methods used were manikins, films, images or paper, live actors, animals and virtual reality. The staff categories focused upon were paramedics, emergency medical technicians (EMTs), medical doctors (MDs), nurse and fire fighters. The main topics of published research on simulation with prehospital care providers included: Intubation, Trauma care, Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), Ventilation and Triage.ConclusionSimulation were described as a positive training and education method for prehospital medical staff. It provides opportunities to train assessment, treatment and implementation of procedures and devices under realistic conditions. It is crucial that the staff are familiar with and trained on the identified topics, i.e., intubation, trauma care, CPR, ventilation and triage, which all, to a very large degree, constitute prehospital care. Simulation plays an integral role in this. The current state of prehospital care, which this review reveals, includes inadequate skills of prehospital staff regarding ventilation and CPR, on both children and adults, the lack of skills in paediatric resuscitation and the lack of knowledge in assessing and managing burns victims. These circumstances suggest critical areas for further training and research, at both local and global levels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the use of simulation in prehospital care – a literature review

Abelsson

Rystedt

Suserud

et al. 2014

Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med

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“…20 It still remains unclear whether a written scenario with symptoms and vital signs is an accurate reflection of how a person would be triaged. 20 It still remains unclear whether a written scenario with symptoms and vital signs is an accurate reflection of how a person would be triaged.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Triage Assessments among Pediatric Registered Nurses and Pediatric Emergency Physicians

Bergeron¹,

Gouin²,

Bailey³

et al. 2002

Acad Emergency Med

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“…Although we limited the triage categorization to written case scenarios, this method has previously been shown to successfully test triage techniques. 20 It still remains unclear whether a written scenario with symptoms and vital signs is an accurate reflection of how a person would be triaged. The logistics of a ''real-time'' clinical assessment of actual patients by 63 reviewers would be substantial, particularly in the setting of a busy ED.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Triage Assessments among Pediatric Registered Nurses and Pediatric Emergency Physicians

Bergeron

Gouin

Bailey

et al. 2002

Academic Emergency Medicine

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Objectives:To compare triage level assignments, using simulated written case scenarios, in a pediatric emergency department (ED) among registered nurses (RNs) and pediatric emergency physicians (PEPs) and to compare the triage level assignments among RNs and PEPs with a consensus criterion standard. Methods: This was a cross-sectional mailed questionnaire survey. The study was conducted at a pediatric tertiary care center with more than 65,000 annual patient visits. Participants were PEPs and RNs working in the ED. Dillman's Total Design Method, with three mailouts, was used for questionnaire construction and implementation. The survey included 55 case scenarios of patients presenting to the ED. Participants were instructed to assign triage level on each case, using the following four-level triage scale: 1 = resuscitation/emergent, 2 = urgent, 3 = less-urgent, and 4 = non-urgent. A priori, all cases were assigned a triage level by consensus agreement of three PEPs, using estab-lished triage guidelines from the RNs' teaching manual. Kappa statistics (95% CI) and the mean percentage of correct responses (Ϯ1 SD) were calculated. Results: There was a 100% response rate (39 RNs, 24 PEPs). The kappa level of agreement (95% CI) was 0.453 (0.447 to 0.459) among the RNs and was 0.419 (0.409 to 0.429) among the PEPs. The mean percentage of correct responses (Ϯ1 SD) for the RNs was 64.2% (Ϯ8.0%) and for the PEPs was 53.5% (Ϯ8.1%, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference within groups by experience level (<10 vs. Ն10 years) or by the type of work schedule (day vs. evening vs. overnight) or full-time vs. part-time status. Conclusions: The level of agreement and accuracy of triage assignment was only moderate for both RNs and PEPs. Triage, a crucial step in emergency care, requires improved measurement.

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A comparison of four methods of testing emergency medical technician triage skills

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Mapping the use of simulation in prehospital care – a literature review

Mapping the use of simulation in prehospital care – a literature review

Comparison of Triage Assessments among Pediatric Registered Nurses and Pediatric Emergency Physicians

Comparison of Triage Assessments among Pediatric Registered Nurses and Pediatric Emergency Physicians

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