A Comparison of Economic and Social Reward in Patients With Chronic Nonmalignant Back Pain

Ciccone, Donald S.; Just, Nancy; Bandilla, Erin B.

doi:10.1097/00006842-199907000-00021

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Further, some of the patients, both men and women, at first displayed an angry attitude. Also, secondary gains influence pain presentations [9]. Here, the patients with prolonged sick leave tended to show severe pain, which could be interpreted as a learned behaviour, or a wish for an extended sick leave since many patients lived in communities where sickness is a family issue [23,40] and a return to work means less than a low sick pay.…”

Section: Fear Anger and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some patients find it hard to explain locations and intensity of chronic pain [20,37], leading to difficulties for health care personnel [18], not least in cross-cultural settings [6,9,15,22]. Some health professionals have remarked on how differently patients from various cultural groups (immigrant groups) declare how much it hurts in spite of similar clinical findings [7,22,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pain intensity and severe pain in young immigrant patients with long-standing back pain

Löfvander

Taloyan

2007

Eur Spine J

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The aim of this study was to explore if self-rated pain intensity and severe pain differed significantly between immigrants from different regions, and if other socio-economic, or clinical, characteristics could predict severe pain. A total of 129 men and 217 women at a primary health centre in Stockholm, Sweden, 27-45 years, on long-term sick leave, were recruited in consecutive order and grouped into a Turkish (n = 122), Southern European (n = 52), Middle East (n = 69) and one Mixed (n = 173) group of immigrants. All were employed in service jobs. Somatic status, depression and level of psychosocial stressors, including pain anxiety, were established by standardized procedures. All reported long-standing disabling back pain. Patients rated intensity of pain ''right now'' on a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) as a last part of the consultation with two doctors. Severe pain was defined as VAS 75-100. Median values (md) with inter-quartile ranges (IQR) were calculated for interval and ordinal data. Non-parametric statistics were used to calculate significant differences between groups. Crude and age-standardized odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) as rating severe pain were calculated by binary and forward conditional logistic regression. Men and women were analyzed separately. Women had more tender points, (P \ 0.001), and reported pain anxiety more often (P \ 0.01). Frequency of depression did not differ between the immigrant groups. The VAS-values varied, but not significantly, between the immigrant groups of men and women. Men had lower VAS values than women (md 50, IQR 36-69 vs. md 72, IQR 51-85), (P \ 0.001). Women had a three-fold risk to rate severe pain (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.8-4.7). By sex, no immigrant group had significantly elevated OR to rate severe pain. Being 40-45 year old doubled the OR as rating severe pain. Men with depression, or little education, had high risks as rating severe pain (age-standardized ORs 4.1; 95% CI 1.7-10.0 and 2.7; 95% CI 1.1-6.8, respectively), and so had depressed women (age-standardized OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1-3.4). Women with pain anxiety had a doubled, not statistically significant, elevated risk (age-standardized OR 2.0, 95% CI 0.95-4.3). The groups did not differ significantly in pain intensity or severe pain. Severe pain was predicted by depressed mood and probably linked to gender, age and sick roles.

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Section: Fear Anger and Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain intensity and severe pain in young immigrant patients with long-standing back pain

Löfvander

Taloyan

2007

Eur Spine J

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“…Progression of symptoms and repor ted pain had a statistically significant relationship with secondar y social and economic rewards. This finding is of fundamental impor tance for healthcare professionals involved in assessing these patients, in par ticular employment compensation doctors 42 . The same study divided patients with chronic low back pain into classes, depending on their degree of social and economic interests (potential rewards); comparing groups of patients with the same degree of "social rewards", but with different secondar y economic rewards.…”

Section: Etiology and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The only differences obser ved between these groups were related to pain and nonspecific symptoms. Patients with chronic low back pain who were in the group with greater secondar y social interests repor ted greater pain intensity and more nonspecific symptoms, which are common to diseases related to chronic anxiety 42 .…”

Section: Etiology and Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many patients with fibromyalgia only complain of regional pain during consultations, and those with chronic low back pain should also be assessed for the possible presence of this syndrome 54 , bearing in mind that patients with chronic low back pain tend to present with pain in other anatomic sites and nonspecific symptoms, when there are secondary interests 42 .…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lombalgia ocupacional

Helfenstein¹,

Goldenfum²,

Siena³

2010

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Occupational low back pain has multifactorial etiology and elevated incidence and prevalence. It is characterized by pain of varying intensity and duration and can lead to work incapacity and invalidity. Low back pain causes workers to suffer and increases the costs of employers and of social security and healthcare systems. The relevance of this subject led this paper's authors to undertake a bibliographic review with emphasis on the theoretical and conceptual background and on the experience of specialists.

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Ätiopathogenetische Aspekte somatoformer Störungen

Noll‐Hussong

Gündel

2012

Nervenarzt

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The etiopathology of somatoform disorders can only be understood against the background of an integrated biopsychosocial model. Cultural and historical influences must be taken into account as well as contemporary settings of scientific or medical priorities. In this context the emphasis on neurobiological findings can be interpreted as the non-accidental struggle for legitimacy of both patients and physicians. Altogether the available data on factors influencing the formation and maintenance of somatoform symptoms has to be described as both diverse and unspecific and thus points to a challenging research program in the coming years.

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A Comparison of Economic and Social Reward in Patients With Chronic Nonmalignant Back Pain

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Pain intensity and severe pain in young immigrant patients with long-standing back pain

Pain intensity and severe pain in young immigrant patients with long-standing back pain

Lombalgia ocupacional

Ätiopathogenetische Aspekte somatoformer Störungen

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