A comparison of dietary acid load between team, endurance, and strength sports

Abstract

Purpose: Since the dietary acid load (PRAL) may affect the acid-base balance of the body, there is an increasing interest in its role in sports performance. Typical nutritional requirements of different sports, associated with its physiological demands, might be reflected in the acid load of their diet. Thus, the purpose of this study is to compare the dietary acid load between team, endurance, and strength athletes and to determine the associations between PRAL and hydration status. Methods: Fifty-one healthy recreational male athletes (age: 18-39 yrs) from team, endurance, and strength sports participated in the study. A 3-day food diary was recorded and dietary PRAL values (mEq/day) were calculated. Urine pH and specific gravity were measured. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) were used for data analysis. Results: PRAL in endurance athletes (25.34 mEq/day) was lower compared to team and strength athletes (46.12 and 46.47 mEq/day, respectively) (p= 0.023). Percentage of high PRAL diet (≥15 (mEq/day)) was highest in team sports (89.5%), followed by strength (83.3%) and endurance sports (60%). PRAL was not associated with hydration status. Conclusion: Typical nutritional requirements of sport disciplines are reflected in the PRAL, thus PRAL should be considered when preparing nutritional strategies to improve performance.