A comparison of continuous flow and sequencing batch reactor plants concerning integrated operation of sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants

Simon, J.; Wiese, Jürgen; Steinmetz, Heidrun

doi:10.2166/wst.2006.814

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Additionally, these systems can retain other possible contaminants present in the effluents. The treatment processes can be conducted either in a batch or in a continuous mode [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congo Red Decolorization Using Textile Filters and Laccase-Based Nanocomposites in Continuous Flow Bioreactors

et al. 2020

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Removal of azo and diazo dye content from textile industry wastewaters is crucial due to their environmental impact. Here, we report on the use of the fungal laccase from Pycnoporus sanguineus CS43 immobilized on silica nanoparticles and entrapped in textile-based filters for the degradation of Congo Red. Laccase immobilization and synthesis of the nanocomposites were carried out by two different methods, one in the presence of acetone and the second using water as solvent. This led to a change in the hydrophobicity of the obtained biofilters. Successful preparation of the nanocomposites was confirmed via FTIR spectroscopy. Changes in the secondary structure of the enzyme were inspected through the second derivative of the FTIR spectra. Six different types of filter were fabricated and tested in a continuous flow bioreactor in terms of their decolorization capabilities of Congo Red. The results indicate removal efficiencies that approached 40% for enzymes immobilized on the more hydrophobic supports. Backscattered electron (BSE) images of the different filters were obtained before and after the decolorization process. Percentage of decolorization and activity loss were determined as a function of time until a plateau in decolorization activity was reached. Experimental data was used to recreate the decolorization process in COMSOL Multiphysics® (Stockholm, Sweden). These simulations were used to determine the proper combination of parameters to maximize decolorization. Our findings suggest that the treatment of textile-based filters with immobilized laccase in conjunction with hydrophobic nanocomposites provides a suitable avenue to achieve more efficient laccase dye decolorization (39%) than that obtained with similar filters treated only with free laccase (8%). Filters treated with silica-based nanocomposites and immobilized laccases showed an increase in their decolorization capability, probably due to changes in their wetting phenomena.

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“…Additionally, these systems can retain other possible contaminants present in the effluents. The treatment processes can be conducted either in a batch or in a continuous mode [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congo Red Decolorization Using Textile Filters and Laccase-Based Nanocomposites in Continuous Flow Bioreactors

et al. 2020

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“…Active demand side management can also be applied to wastewater treatment when the plants are operated with batch rather than continuous processes (Simon et al, 2006). In some cases, such processes improve the quality of the end-product water while simultaneously allowing the scheduling of the process outside the peak.…”

Section: Integrated Demand Side Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for energy-water nexus management in the Middle East & North Africa

Farid

Lubega

Hickman

2016

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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Electric power is required to produce, treat, distribute, and recycle water while water is required to generate and consume electricity. Naturally, this energy-water nexus is most evident in multi-utilities that provide electricity and water but still exists when the nexus has distinct organizations as owners and operators. Therefore, the sustainability question that arises from energy-water trade-offs and synergies is very much tied to the potential for economies of scope. Furthermore, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, multi-utilities are not only common, but also the nexus is particularly exacerbated by the high energy intensity of the water supply due to limited fresh water resources. The goal of this paper is to identify and motivate several opportunities for enhanced integrated operations management and planning in the energy-water nexus in multi-utilities in the MENA. It proceeds in four parts. First, an exposition of the energy-water nexus especially as it applies to the MENA is given. This discussion focuses on the electric power system, the potable water distribution system, and thirdly, the wastewater distribution system. Second, the paper shifts to opportunities in integrated operations management highlighted by an energy-water nexus supply-side economic dispatch illustration. Thirdly, the discussion shifts to planning opportunities for the energy-water nexus for the sustainable development of water and energy resources. A concluding section summarizes the policy implications of the identified opportunities. Opportunities for energy-water nexus management in the MENA 2 In the MENA region, this nexus is particularly exacerbated. As shown in Figure 1, per capita demand for electricity has steadily increased in most MENA countries. Those countries that have seen recent per capita reductions (e.g. Kuwait, UAE, and Bahrain) are three of the four most electricity intensive countries in the region. Meanwhile, Figure 2 shows that all MENA regions are unsustainably consuming water and drawing down their total renewable water resources per capita. These trends are further exacerbated by the high energy intensity of the water due to the limited freshwater resources and the hot and arid climate. As shown in Table 1, energy-expensive groundwater and desalination contribute 65% and 5% of the total water supply in the MENA respectively (FAO, 2012). Four out of the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Qatar) are among the ten countries with the highest desalination capacity, representing between them nearly 40% of global desalination capacity (Mezher et al., 2011). Despite this exacerbated relationship, the norm in electricity and water utilities is for siloed operations associated with the discipline of each product. This paper, instead, discusses several opportunities for enhanced integration of operations and planning of the energy-water nexus from a multi-utility perspective. While not all MENA regions have electricity-water multi-utilities, their presence does ...

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“…Of these sensors, COD and ammonia sensors are mainly used to control the aeration period of the SBR process, while phosphate and nitrate sensors are commonly applied during the settling and drawing periods [31]. Some research has established real-time control strategies for a SBR WWTP with sewage systems and a SBR WWTP without sewage systems by applying ammonia, nitrate, and total suspend solid (TSS) sensors [32,33].…”

Section: Real-time Control Strategy For the Sbr Process Based On Dirementioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in the Development of Control Strategies for the SBR Process

Yang

Peng

et al. 2010

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Review Progress in the Development of Control Strategies for the SBR ProcessThe sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process has shown great success in the treatment of industrial wastewater from intermittent discharge factories and for the treatment of domestic wastewater from medium or small towns. As automation technology has developed, many studies have been conducted to determine the optimal conditions for the SBR process. This review outlines the progress and application of control strategies that have been developed for the SBR process and provides a summary and comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of various control strategies, especially fixed-time control strategies and various real-time control strategies. Moreover, an analysis and discussion of novel optimal control methods for biologic nutrient removal are provided. Although previous studies in this field have greatly enriched our understanding of SBR systems, it is clear that many unsolved problems remain. Therefore, a summary of unanswered questions regarding control strategies for the SBR process is provided and future research directions are suggested.

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A comparison of continuous flow and sequencing batch reactor plants concerning integrated operation of sewer systems and wastewater treatment plants

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Congo Red Decolorization Using Textile Filters and Laccase-Based Nanocomposites in Continuous Flow Bioreactors

Congo Red Decolorization Using Textile Filters and Laccase-Based Nanocomposites in Continuous Flow Bioreactors

Opportunities for energy-water nexus management in the Middle East & North Africa

Progress in the Development of Control Strategies for the SBR Process

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