A Comparison of Calcium, Vitamin D, or Both for Nutritional Rickets in Nigerian Children

Thacher, Tom D.; Fischer, Philip R.; Pettifor, John M.; Lawson, Juliana O.; Isichei, Christian O.; Reading, James C.; Chan, Gary M.

doi:10.1056/nejm199908193410803

Cited by 284 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…2,3 The common causes of nutritional rickets in Nigeria are calcium and vitamin D deficiency. [4][5][6][7] They are without difficulty recognized clinically and are inexpensive to manage. Intake of adequate and good quality food with appropriate period of exposure time to sun will rectify these deficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Outcome of Pneumonia in Children

Oduwole¹,

Renner²,

Disu³

et al. 2011

West African Journal of Medicine

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BACKGROUND: Pneumonia, a common childhood infection in Nigerian children with a number of debilitating complications such as empyema thoracis, has been linked to vitamin D deficiency due to its ability to modulate the T lymphocyte of the immune system . OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between vitamin D and outcome of pneumonia in children. METHODS: This was a case-control study involving 24 children, admitted for pneumonia as subjects and 10 children without pneumonia as controls. Pre-formatted questionnaire was utilized to obtain background information, anthropometric measurements were made to determine nutritional status and estimation of 25-hydroxy cholecalciferol (25OHD) done for all those studied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Outcome of Pneumonia in Children

Oduwole¹,

Renner²,

Disu³

et al. 2011

West African Journal of Medicine

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“…In the developing world, however, nutritional rickets is still a common disease that may result from deficiency of either calcium or vitamin D. [1][2][3] Nutritional rickets has occasionally been described in association with lamellar ichthyosis, [4][5][6] but the vitamin D status was not reported. We describe 2 Nigerian children with lamellar ichthyosis and a third South African child with presumed X-linked ichthyosis associated with nutritional rickets and report on the response of 2 children to topical calcipotriene, a vitamin D analog.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nutritional Rickets in Ichthyosis and Response to Calcipotriene

et al. 2004

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ABSTRACT. Nutritional rickets has occasionally been described in children with lamellar ichthyosis, but their vitamin D endocrine status has not been described. We report 3 cases of vitamin D-deficiency rickets associated with ichthyosis in African children.A 13-month-old Nigerian boy with lamellar ichthyosis had rib beading, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and rachitic changes on radiographs. His rickets did not resolve with calcium therapy, and his 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was low. His rickets resolved with parenteral vitamin D treatment, but his skin did not improve. Topical 0.005% calcipotriene (an analog of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D that has been useful in treating adults with psoriasis) was similarly ineffective in improving the child's skin condition.An 8-year-old Nigerian boy with life-long skin findings consistent with lamellar ichthyosis had windswept deformity of the legs with rib beading and enlargement of the wrists and ankles. Radiographs showed active rickets, and the boy had an elevated alkaline phosphatase level and a decreased calcium level. Before knowing that his 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was low, he was treated with calcium and showed radiologic improvement. The skin did not improve with resolution of the rickets but did improve with unilateral topical application of 0.005% calcipotriene.A

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“…22 Moreover, a low calcium intake has been found to result in rickets. 23 Although initially, it seemed as if the nutrient intake of the children from these areas was mostly adequate, there were clear indications of pockets of poor nutrient intake within each community. The purpose of this article was to present the current situation in the population, and to identify where and what the differences were.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nutrient intake of children aged 12–36 months living in two communities in the Breede Valley, Western Cape province, South Africa

Balogun

Lombard

McLachlan

2015

South African Family Practice

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Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the current macro-and micronutrient intake of children (both boys and girls) in two selected communities in the Breede Valley, Worcester. Design: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study. Setting: The study focused on two disadvantaged communities in Worcester (Avian Park and Zweletemba) in the Breede Valley, Western Cape province. Subjects: The study subjects were 248 children (Avian Park, n = 117; Zweletemba, n = 131) aged 12-36 months. Method: The macro-and micronutrient intake of the children was determined using a validated, interviewer-administered quantitative food frequency questionaire, and compared against the estimated average requirement (EAR) and adequate intake (AI) of nutrients. The nutrient adequacy ratio was calculated, as well as percentage deviation from the EAR and AI. Results: More than 20% of the children had a calcium and folate intake that deviated by more than 50% below the EAR in both communities and for both genders. More participants in Zweletemba had an intake that deviated by more than 50% above the EAR and AI, compared to Avian Park, for carbohydrate, thiamine, niacin and iron. Conclusion: With the exception of folate, calcium and selenium, the average reported nutrient intake of the children (boys and girls) in both the communities was adequate.

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A Comparison of Calcium, Vitamin D, or Both for Nutritional Rickets in Nigerian Children

Abstract: Nigerian children with rickets have a low intake of calcium and have a better response to treatment with calcium alone or in combination with vitamin D than to treatment with vitamin D alone.

Cited by 284 publications

References 14 publications

Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Outcome of Pneumonia in Children

Relationship between Vitamin D Levels and Outcome of Pneumonia in Children

Nutritional Rickets in Ichthyosis and Response to Calcipotriene

The nutrient intake of children aged 12–36 months living in two communities in the Breede Valley, Western Cape province, South Africa

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