A comparison of alfaxalone and propofol on intraocular pressure in healthy dogs

Abstract

These data show a potentially clinically significant increase in IOP following induction with propofol or alfaxalone, but no difference between agents.

Alfaxalone versus propofol in dogs: a randomised trial to assess effects on peri‐induction tear production, intraocular pressure and globe position

“…This difference could be explained by the simultaneous use of premedication drugs (acepromazine-hydromorphone), which could have induced pharmacologic or pharmacokinetic interactions. Furthermore, the difference could be explained by the different duration of both studies; the present study lasted 30 minutes, while in Hasiuk and others (2013), IOP measurements were stopped right after orotracheal intubation. This manoeuvre might be potentially associated with a transient IOP elevation (Hofmeister and others 2006).…”

“…A normal to slightly lower than normal IOP, a central and fixed globe, and physiological tear production are desirable before and during ocular surgery (Murphy 1985, Herring and others 2000, Gross and Giuliano 2007). In dogs, these ocular parameters have been investigated after the administration of methoxyflurane (Vassilieff 1976), flumazenil (Artru 1991), medetomidine (Verbruggen and others 2000, Wallin-Håkanson and Wallin-Håkanson 2001), sevoflurane, desflurane (Almeida and others 2004), nitrous oxide (Almeida and others 2008), thiopental (Hofmeister and others 2008), propofol (Batista and others 2000, Hofmeister and others 2008, 2009, Hasiuk and others 2013), ketamine–midazolam (Ghaffari and others 2010), isoflurane (Shepard and others 2011) and dexmedetomidine (Artigas and others 2012). To the authors’ knowledge, the effect of a single intravenous bolus of alfaxalone on ocular parameters has not been previously investigated in dogs.…”

Measurement of intraocular pressure in clinically normal Turkish Shepherd Dogs with the rebound tonometer (TonoVet®) and the applanation tonometer (Tono-Pen Vet®)

“…In three different studies using TonoVet ® , the mean IOP in Beagles was determined as 14.3 ± 2.4 mmHg (4), 15.2 ± 1.0 mmHg (18), and 15.6 ± 2.0 and 17.1 ± 2.4 mmHg (20). In studies in which measurements were made with TonoVet ® and many mix breeds were used as study material, various IOP values were recorded: 15.9 ± 2.1 mmHg and 16.9 ± 3.4 mmHg (3); 16.0 ± 3.2 to 18.3 ± 1.8 mm Hg (17); 14.2 ± 3.6 to 17.7 ± 3.1 mmHg (16) and 15.5 ± 2.7 to 15.7 ± 2.8 mmHg (9). In the present study, regardless of age, sex, and eye side, the mean IOP value for Kangal dogs measured with TonoVet ® was 17.63 ± 3.34 mmHg, which was higher than mean IOPs obtained in three studies on Beagles and similar to mean IOPs in other studies in which different breeds were used (3,9,16,17).…”

“…In studies in which measurements were made with TonoVet ® and many mix breeds were used as study material, various IOP values were recorded: 15.9 ± 2.1 mmHg and 16.9 ± 3.4 mmHg (3); 16.0 ± 3.2 to 18.3 ± 1.8 mm Hg (17); 14.2 ± 3.6 to 17.7 ± 3.1 mmHg (16) and 15.5 ± 2.7 to 15.7 ± 2.8 mmHg (9). In the present study, regardless of age, sex, and eye side, the mean IOP value for Kangal dogs measured with TonoVet ® was 17.63 ± 3.34 mmHg, which was higher than mean IOPs obtained in three studies on Beagles and similar to mean IOPs in other studies in which different breeds were used (3,9,16,17). With regard to studies using applanation tonometers, mean IOPs obtained with Tono-Pen XL ® for Beagles ranged from 12.7 ± 0.8 to 15.3 ± 1.7 mmHg in one study (10) and was found to be 15.2 ± 2.2 mmHg in another (19).…”

Effects of morphine‐alfaxalone‐midazolam premedication, alfaxalone induction and sevoflurane maintenance on intraocular pressure and tear production in dogs

“…In fact, the success of ophthalmic procedures may depend on their control before, during and after the surgery (Gross and Giuliano 2007, Hasiuk and others 2014). …”