A comparative work on the magnetic field-dependent properties of plate-like and spherical iron particle-based magnetorheological grease

Mohamad, Norzilawati; Ubaidillah, Ubaidillah; Mazlan, Saiful Amri; Imaduddin, Fitrian; Choi, Seung‐Bok; Yazid, Izyan Iryani Mohd

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191795

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This process is fast, reversible, and controllable (Hardy, 1951;Jacob, 1951;Carlson and Spencer, 1996). Researches indicate that MR fluid is typically characterized by the shear stress, and apparent viscosity changing with the external shear rate and magnetic field intensity, and that the type, saturation magnetization, surface characteristic, size, and morphology of magnetizable particles (Jolly et al, 1999;Hato et al, 2011;Susan-Resiga and Vékás, 2014;Liu et al, 2015;Vereda et al, 2016;Mohamad et al, 2018) have a great influence on the mechanical properties of the MR material. Due to the apparent sedimentation of MR fluid, MR grease has been proposed, improving its anti-sedimentation greatly (Zhu, 2006;Hu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Test, and Mechanical Model of the Leak-Proof Magnetorheological Damper

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2019

Front. Mater.

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As a semi-active control device, the magnetorheological (MR) damper has received much praise for its great controllability, quick response, and lower input power. However, the problem of liquid leakage arises after its long-term service, severely affecting its performance and service life. To solve this problem, this paper proposes fully vulcanizing and consolidating viscoelastic material, the cylinder barrel and the piston rod, which replaces the traditional dynamic seal with a static seal, and developing a new leak-proof MR damper. Considering that viscoelastic material has a certain energy dissipation and fluid-structure interaction with MR fluid, the correction factor of the pressure gradient is introduced to establish the mechanical model of the leak-proof MR damper which is to be tested. The testing result shows that warpage deformation of viscoelastic material weakens the damping force of the MR damper and the weakening effect increases with current intensity. Given the influence of current intensity on the correction factor, the complete mechanical model of the leak-proof MR damper is obtained on the basis of the verified model. Through the comparison between the theoretical calculation curve and the test curve, the revised mechanical model is found to well reflect the mechanical properties of the leak-proof MR damper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Test, and Mechanical Model of the Leak-Proof Magnetorheological Damper

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2019

Front. Mater.

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“…Furthermore, it is observed that the bidisperse MRG has an enhanced LVE region of the mono-shaped MRG with the plate-like CI particles, which in turn indirectly increases the storage modulus. Based on authors’ previous studies, the average diameter for the plate-like and spherical CI particles are 6.2 µm and 5 µm, respectively [33]. Theoretically, the small-diameter spherical CI particles are inclined to fill the void between the larger plate-like CI particles in the grease medium [42].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spherical CI particles with OM grades were purchased from BASF, Germany with the average diameter in the range of 3.9 to 5.2 µm and density of 7.874 g cm −3 . The plate-like CI particles were prepared using a high-energy rotary ball mill machine used in previous works [8,33]. The spherical CI particles were milled with the presence of a zirconia ball as the grinding medium at a ball-to-powder ratio of 20:1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, a few works on the field-dependent rheological properties of MRGs which have different particle shapes have been undertaken. Recently, a comparative work on the yield stress between two different particle shapes was investigated [33]. It has been found that the optimal weight percentage of the plate-like and spherical magnetic particles to provide the highest yield stress were 30 and 70 wt%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Particle Shapes on the Field-Dependent Rheological Properties of Magnetorheological Greases

Mohamad

Ubaidillah

Mazlan

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The transient response of magnetorheological (MR) materials, in general, is very important for design consideration in MR-based devices. Better response to magnetic fields is beneficial for a better response rate to the electrical current applied in the electromagnetic coil. As a result, MR-based devices would have a high response to external stimuli. In this work, the principal characteristics of magnetorheological greases (MRGs) which have two different particle shapes are experimentally investigated. One type of particle distributed in the grease medium is conventional spherical-shaped carbonyl iron (CI) particles, while the other is plate-like CI particles made using a high-energy rotary ball mill from spherical CI particles. A set of bidisperse MRG samples are firstly prepared by adjusting the weight percentage of the plate-like CI particles and mixing with the spherical CI particles. Subsequently, three important properties of MRGs in terms of their practical application are measured and compared between the two different particle shapes. The field-dependent apparent viscoelastic properties of the prepared MRG samples are measured, followed by the field-dependent storage and loss moduli using an oscillatory shear rheometer. In addition, the transient response time, which indicates the speed in the actuating period of MRGs, is measured by changing the strain amplitude. Then, a comparative assessment on the three properties are undertaken between two different particle shapes by presenting the corresponding results in the same plot. It is shown that the bidisperse MRG with plate-like CI particles exhibits an increase in the initial apparent viscosity as well as stiffness property compared to the MRG with spherical particles only.

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“…The rotational shear experiment was surveyed in the shear rate range of 0.1 to 100 s −1 . When each test finished, the MR grease samples were degaussed and a new magnetic field was applied [31]. Through the Bingham viscoplastic model, the dynamic yield stress values for the MR grease samples were obtained by calculating shear stress versus shear rate curves to zero shear rate and searching for the point of intersection with the vertical axis [11,18], as show in Figure 3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Silicone Oil Viscosity and Carbonyl Iron Particle Weight Fraction and Size on Yield Stress for Magnetorheological Grease Based on a New Preparation Technique

Wang

Dong

et al. 2019

Materials

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This paper investigated the effects of silicone oil viscosity (SOV) and carbonyl iron particle (CIP) weight fraction and size on dynamic yield stress for magnetorheological (MR) grease. The MR grease samples were prepared using orthogonal array L9 on the basis of a new preparation technology. The shear rheological tests were undertaken using a rotational shear rheometer and yield stress was obtained based on the Bingham fluid model. It was found that CIP fractions ranging from 65 wt% to 75 wt% and SOV varying from 50 m2·s−1 to 1000 m2·s−1 significantly affect the magnetic field-dependent yield stress of MR grease, but the CIPs with sizes of 3.2–3.9 μm hardly had any influence based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition, the yield stress of MR grease mainly depended on the CIP fraction and SOV by comparing their percent contribution (PC). It was further confirmed that there were positive effects of CIP fraction and SOV on yield stress through response surface analysis (RSA). The results showed a high dynamic yield stress. It indicated that MR grease is an intelligent material candidate which can be applied to many different areas requiring high field-induced rheological capabilities without flow for suspension. Moreover, based upon the multivariate regression equation, a constitutive model was developed to express the function of the yield stress as the SOV and fraction of CIPs under the application of magnetic fields.

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A comparative work on the magnetic field-dependent properties of plate-like and spherical iron particle-based magnetorheological grease

Cited by 31 publications

References 35 publications

Development, Test, and Mechanical Model of the Leak-Proof Magnetorheological Damper

Development, Test, and Mechanical Model of the Leak-Proof Magnetorheological Damper

The Effect of Particle Shapes on the Field-Dependent Rheological Properties of Magnetorheological Greases

Effects of Silicone Oil Viscosity and Carbonyl Iron Particle Weight Fraction and Size on Yield Stress for Magnetorheological Grease Based on a New Preparation Technique

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